Abstract
In deep drawing processes, the use of lubricants is mandatory in order to
prevent wear on tools and surface damage to the formed sheet metal components.
Here, frequently used lubricants are synthetic and mineral oils,
emulsions, and waxes. However, these conventional lubricants have to be
applied to the sheet material prior to the forming operation and removed
afterwards by cleaning processes. Additionally, the lubricants often contain
substances that are harmful to the environment and to human health. To
counteract these economic and ecological disadvantages, research is currently
being conducted on a novel tribological system. For this, volatile media such as
liquid carbon dioxide and gaseous nitrogen are being used, and are introduced
directly into the friction zones between the tool and the sheet metal material
during deep drawing under high pressure through special laser-drilled microholes.
This paper covers the latest investigations and findings regarding the
design of flow-optimized micro-holes, the laser drilling process, the friction
characterization on tool radii, and the tool wear to be expected when using the
lubrication medium CO2.
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