Abstract
The surge of massive antenna arrays in wireless networks calls for the
adoption of analog/hybrid array solutions, where multiple antenna elements are
driven by a common radio front end to form a beam along a specific angle in
order to maximize the beamforming gain. Many heuristics have been proposed to
sample the angular domain by trading off between sampling overhead and angular
scanning step size, where arbitrarily small angular step size is only
attainable with infinite sampling overhead. In this work we show that, for
uniform linear and rectangular arrays, loss-less reconstruction of the array's
angular response at arbitrary angular precision is possible using finite number
of samples without resorting to assumptions of angular sparsity. The proposed
method, sampling and reconstructing angular domain (SARA), defines how many and
which angles to be sampled and the corresponding reconstruction. This general
solution to scan the angular domain can therefore be applied not only to beam
acquisition and channel estimation, but also to radio imaging techniques,
making it a candidate for future integrated sensing and communications (ISAC).
We evaluate our proposal by numerical evaluations, which provide clear
advantages versus the other considered baselines both in terms of angular
reconstruction performance and computational complexity.
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