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Analysis and evaluation of security issues for transport of SS7 signaling data over IP networks

. Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Nachrichtenvermittlung und Datenverarbeitung, Diplomarbeit, (February 2002)

Abstract

Since late 1998 the SIGTRAN (Signaling Transport) working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has been working on the specification of a protocol suite for the transport of SS7 signaling data over IP networks. The core of this architecture is comprised by a protocol called SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol), which basically implemets a reliable datagram service on top of an unreliable IP network. Several adaptation layers may reside on top of SCTP and enhance SCTP's services to match different signaling transport scenarios and requirements. SCTP uses a sophisticated four-way handshake protocol for association (connection) setup and so called ``Verification Tags'' to protect itself against denial-of-service and ``blind spoofing'' attacks. The goal of this work was to analyze what these security mechanisms achieve and what they require from their environment in order to work properly. The SCTP four-way handshake protocol has been modelized using the ``BAN logic'', a formal method introduced by Michael Burrows, Martín Abadi and Roger Needham in 1989. SCTP's security mechanisms require that the underlying IP network cannot be wiretapped by hostile nodes. It has been analyzed what an attacker can achieve if this assumption is not fulfilled. Possible attacks include the injection of data into an established SCTP association and hi-jacking or forced teardown of an association. A method for modeling the secrecy of a network at different abstraction levels has been developed. The interworking of SCTP with IPsec and NAT has been considered.

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