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         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/27ad61d12d9570b74db7ae210cf93bc5c/itke",         
         "tags" : [
            "computer-aided","curved","prandini","shells","surface","frames","knippers","reciprocal","engineering","tesselation","adaptive","form","itke","2025","anisothropic","timber","free"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "7ad61d12d9570b74db7ae210cf93bc5c",
         "interHash" : "0c6ead4d248a2b5871aa99fb772d9ccb",
         "label" : "Adaptive Reciprocally Framed Tessellation for doubly curved surfaces",
         "user" : "itke",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2026-02-19 15:42:47",
         "changeDate" : "2026-02-19 15:42:47",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "proceedings",
         "booktitle": "Proceedings of the IASS Annual Symposium 2025, \u201CThe living past as a source of innovation\u201D",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Renan Prandini","Jan Knippers"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Renan",	"last" : "Prandini"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"}
         ],
         "abstract": "This  paper  revisits  the  determination  of  reciprocal  structural  arrangements  for  constructing tridimensional  surfaces  using  exclusively  straight  members.  It  introduces  a  novelty  geometric convergence method for finding reciprocal arrangements on doubly curved  reference surfaces which include an adaptable length of members, demonstrating that existing methods \u2014 typically focused on generating reciprocal arrangements from predefined geometric rotations \u2014 represent only a subset of the broader design space  for this typology.  The proposed Adaptive Reciprocal  Framing Tessellation method is applicable to both synclastic and anticlastic surfaces and allows for a strategic placement of support conditions of the anisotropic timber system, although some boundary conditions are needed to guarantee convergence of the structural arrangement. A structural performance evaluation  of a set of generated  patterns is  given by  assessing  displacements and  stress checks  of  members  according to Eurocode 5 in an integrated computational engineering design workflow",
         "venue" : "México City, México",
         
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "eventdate" : "27-31 October, 2025",
         
         "eventtitle" : "IASS Annual Symposium 2025, \u201CThe living past as a source of innovation\u201D",
         
         "bibtexKey": "prandini2025adaptive"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2d3ec5f0de06ec9283d634fc4f00eed8a/itke",         
         "tags" : [
            "Fibrous","chen","prandini","hänzka","Fibre-polymer","knippers","pavilion","engineering","performance","timber-flax","wangen","component","flax","design","hybrid","neubauer","itke","Mechanical","2025","beams","architecture"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "d3ec5f0de06ec9283d634fc4f00eed8a",
         "interHash" : "fed0bb2a66eb278063cc027325e97cd7",
         "label" : "Instantaneous and long-term structural behavior of timber-flax beams: Design and evaluation of the hybrid flax pavilion component",
         "user" : "itke",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2026-01-29 15:52:47",
         "changeDate" : "2026-01-29 15:53:51",
         "count" : 3,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Developments in the Built Environment","publisher":"Elsevier",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Tzu-Ying Chen","Renan Prandini","Gregor Neubauer","Sven Hänzka","Jan Knippers"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tzu-Ying",	"last" : "Chen"},
            	{"first" : "Renan",	"last" : "Prandini"},
            	{"first" : "Gregor",	"last" : "Neubauer"},
            	{"first" : "Sven",	"last" : "Hänzka"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"}
         ],
         "volume": "24","pages": "100782","abstract": "The construction industry significantly contributes to global carbon emissions and resource depletion, necessitating a transition toward more sustainable materials. Renewable materials show high potential as an alternative to conventional fossil-based materials in mitigating climate change within the construction industry. Diversifying the sourcing, especially for plant-based materials, is imperative to ensure sustainability and prevent overreliance on specific resources. In prior studies, Coreless Filament Wound (CFW) natural fiber-reinforced polymer (NFRP) systems have demonstrated promising material efficiency and structural performance. However, the lack of research on their long-term performance in construction applications presents a significant barrier to widespread market adoption. This study addresses this gap by designing, developing, and evaluating the Hybrid Fibre Pavilion constructed for the 2024 Landesgartenschau in Wangen im Allgäu. The pavilion incorporates simply supported beams fabricated from robotically wound NFRPs and cross-laminated timber (CLT) slabs. Full-scale structural components were robotically manufactured and subjected to distributed ultimate load, creep, and cyclic load tests. The findings highlight the viability of this hybrid structural system, demonstrating its potential for robust instantaneous and long-term performance in construction.",
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100782",
         
         "bibtexKey": "chen2025instantaneous"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2d3ec5f0de06ec9283d634fc4f00eed8a/petraheim",         
         "tags" : [
            "2025","Fibre-polymer","Fibrous","Mechanical","architecture","beams","chen","component","design","engineering","flax","hybrid","hänzka","itke","knippers","neubauer","pavilion","performance","prandini","timber-flax","wangen"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "d3ec5f0de06ec9283d634fc4f00eed8a",
         "interHash" : "fed0bb2a66eb278063cc027325e97cd7",
         "label" : "Instantaneous and long-term structural behavior of timber-flax beams: Design and evaluation of the hybrid flax pavilion component",
         "user" : "petraheim",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2026-01-29 15:52:34",
         "changeDate" : "2026-01-29 15:53:51",
         "count" : 3,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Developments in the Built Environment","publisher":"Elsevier",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Tzu-Ying Chen","Renan Prandini","Gregor Neubauer","Sven Hänzka","Jan Knippers"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tzu-Ying",	"last" : "Chen"},
            	{"first" : "Renan",	"last" : "Prandini"},
            	{"first" : "Gregor",	"last" : "Neubauer"},
            	{"first" : "Sven",	"last" : "Hänzka"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"}
         ],
         "volume": "24","pages": "100782","abstract": "The construction industry significantly contributes to global carbon emissions and resource depletion, necessitating a transition toward more sustainable materials. Renewable materials show high potential as an alternative to conventional fossil-based materials in mitigating climate change within the construction industry. Diversifying the sourcing, especially for plant-based materials, is imperative to ensure sustainability and prevent overreliance on specific resources. In prior studies, Coreless Filament Wound (CFW) natural fiber-reinforced polymer (NFRP) systems have demonstrated promising material efficiency and structural performance. However, the lack of research on their long-term performance in construction applications presents a significant barrier to widespread market adoption. This study addresses this gap by designing, developing, and evaluating the Hybrid Fibre Pavilion constructed for the 2024 Landesgartenschau in Wangen im Allgäu. The pavilion incorporates simply supported beams fabricated from robotically wound NFRPs and cross-laminated timber (CLT) slabs. Full-scale structural components were robotically manufactured and subjected to distributed ultimate load, creep, and cyclic load tests. The findings highlight the viability of this hybrid structural system, demonstrating its potential for robust instantaneous and long-term performance in construction.",
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100782",
         
         "bibtexKey": "chen2025instantaneous"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20ef15dba4aab4c6ab2a46269a05f990f/petraheim",         
         "tags" : [
            "2025","bechert","develpment","engineering","itke","segmented","shell","structural","system","timber"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "0ef15dba4aab4c6ab2a46269a05f990f",
         "interHash" : "9da2d51483d44283efd76fa966ca6884",
         "label" : "Structural Development of Semented Timber Shell Systems",
         "user" : "petraheim",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2026-01-13 16:31:40",
         "changeDate" : "2026-01-13 16:32:04",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "phdthesis",
         "series": "Forschungsberichte aus dem Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart","publisher":"Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart","address":"Stuttgart",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Bechert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"}
         ],
         "volume": "51","pages": "349","abstract": "In response to the growing global challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and urbanisation, there is an increasing demand for sustainable and material-efficient building systems. Segmented timber shell systems offer a promising solution by combining modularity,structural lightness, and the efficient use of renewable materials\r\nwith advanced digital design and fabrication technologies.\r\nThis dissertation develops an integrative structural design methodology to advance segmented timber shells as viable solutions for large-span architecture.\r\nChapter one introduces the research motivation and context,establishing the relevance of segmented timber shells as a future-oriented building system. Chapter two reviews the state of the art, tracing the evolution of shell structures and highlighting the potential of modular, lightweight timber construction within\r\nsustainable architecture. Segmented timber shells synergise these fields as a contemporary alternative in the context of an evolving built environment.\r\nChapter three formulates three Research Objectives (ROs) addressing key challenges in the design, engineering, and construction of segmented timber shells. These objectives form the basis for the Research Methods (RM1\u2013RM3) outlined in chapter four,which translate them into fundamental developments and innovations\r\nfor integrative structural design of segmented timber shell systems.\r\nThe core contributions are documented in peer-reviewed publications, each supported by full-scale demonstrators: the ITECH Research Demonstrator 2015\u201316, the Urbach Tower, the BUGA Wood Pavilion, and the livMatS Biomimetic Shell. Chapter five summarises these publications and their contributions to the\r\noverarching research framework.Chapter six discusses the research results (RR1\u2013RR3), demonstrating the structural viability, life cycle performance, and industrial scalability of segmented timber shells. The work shows how interdisciplinary co-design, performance-driven structural assessment, nd automated prefabrication strategies enable the realisation of modular, lightweight timber shell structures.\r\nFinally, chapter seven concludes with a critical reflection on the contributions and limitations of the research and outlines the future potential of segmented timber shells in large-scale architectural applications, bridging the gap between experimental\r\nresearch and construction practice.",
         "isbn" : "978-3-922302-51-3",
         
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "bibtexKey": "bechert2025structural"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20ef15dba4aab4c6ab2a46269a05f990f/itke",         
         "tags" : [
            "segmented","develpment","engineering","shell","system","structural","itke","2025","timber","bechert"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "0ef15dba4aab4c6ab2a46269a05f990f",
         "interHash" : "9da2d51483d44283efd76fa966ca6884",
         "label" : "Structural Development of Semented Timber Shell Systems",
         "user" : "itke",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2026-01-13 16:31:40",
         "changeDate" : "2026-01-13 16:32:04",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "phdthesis",
         "series": "Forschungsberichte aus dem Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart","publisher":"Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart","address":"Stuttgart",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Bechert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"}
         ],
         "volume": "51","pages": "349","abstract": "In response to the growing global challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and urbanisation, there is an increasing demand for sustainable and material-efficient building systems. Segmented timber shell systems offer a promising solution by combining modularity,structural lightness, and the efficient use of renewable materials\r\nwith advanced digital design and fabrication technologies.\r\nThis dissertation develops an integrative structural design methodology to advance segmented timber shells as viable solutions for large-span architecture.\r\nChapter one introduces the research motivation and context,establishing the relevance of segmented timber shells as a future-oriented building system. Chapter two reviews the state of the art, tracing the evolution of shell structures and highlighting the potential of modular, lightweight timber construction within\r\nsustainable architecture. Segmented timber shells synergise these fields as a contemporary alternative in the context of an evolving built environment.\r\nChapter three formulates three Research Objectives (ROs) addressing key challenges in the design, engineering, and construction of segmented timber shells. These objectives form the basis for the Research Methods (RM1\u2013RM3) outlined in chapter four,which translate them into fundamental developments and innovations\r\nfor integrative structural design of segmented timber shell systems.\r\nThe core contributions are documented in peer-reviewed publications, each supported by full-scale demonstrators: the ITECH Research Demonstrator 2015\u201316, the Urbach Tower, the BUGA Wood Pavilion, and the livMatS Biomimetic Shell. Chapter five summarises these publications and their contributions to the\r\noverarching research framework.Chapter six discusses the research results (RR1\u2013RR3), demonstrating the structural viability, life cycle performance, and industrial scalability of segmented timber shells. The work shows how interdisciplinary co-design, performance-driven structural assessment, nd automated prefabrication strategies enable the realisation of modular, lightweight timber shell structures.\r\nFinally, chapter seven concludes with a critical reflection on the contributions and limitations of the research and outlines the future potential of segmented timber shells in large-scale architectural applications, bridging the gap between experimental\r\nresearch and construction practice.",
         "isbn" : "978-3-922302-51-3",
         
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "bibtexKey": "bechert2025structural"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/224893a912dfb5b5929db535fcda98b94/bhermann",         
         "tags" : [
            "static","LLVM,","its","engineering","analysis","→","and","compositional","analysis,","Inter-procedural","Automated","Software","C/C++,"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "24893a912dfb5b5929db535fcda98b94",
         "interHash" : "86c8a7c60dc926df74d15f3d47694d8f",
         "label" : "Lossless, Persisted Summarization of Static Callgraph, Points-To and Data-Flow Analysis",
         "user" : "bhermann",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2025-12-17 11:01:40",
         "changeDate" : "2025-12-17 11:01:40",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "inproceedings",
         "publisher":"Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik",
         "year": "2021", 
         "url": "https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2021/14045/", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Philipp Dominik Schubert","Ben Hermann","Eric Bodden"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Philipp Dominik",	"last" : "Schubert"},
            	{"first" : "Ben",	"last" : "Hermann"},
            	{"first" : "Eric",	"last" : "Bodden"}
         ],
         
         "copyright" : "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license",
         
         "language" : "en",
         
         "doi" : "10.4230/LIPICS.ECOOP.2021.2",
         
         "bibtexKey": "https://doi.org/10.4230/lipics.ecoop.2021.2"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2bdadc68ba9b62c9251cc43e7bcb060b3/itke",         
         "tags" : [
            "2025","aicher","building","co-design","engineering","intcdc","integrative","itke","knippers","menges","multi-story","riedel","slab","stuttgart","system","tapia","timber","treml"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "bdadc68ba9b62c9251cc43e7bcb060b3",
         "interHash" : "832c806fbc4ce9c68e78fad414b05e7f",
         "label" : "Concept to Construction Co-design and Integrative Development Processes for the InTCDC Multi-Storey Timber Building System",
         "user" : "itke",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2025-10-07 13:12:28",
         "changeDate" : "2026-02-24 14:00:12",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "proceedings",
         "booktitle": "Proceedings of the World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025","publisher":"World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Treml","Lorenz Riedel","Hans J. Wagner","Cristóbal Tapia","Simon Aicher","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Treml"},
            	{"first" : "Lorenz",	"last" : "Riedel"},
            	{"first" : "Hans J.",	"last" : "Wagner"},
            	{"first" : "Cristóbal",	"last" : "Tapia"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Aicher"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"}
         ],
         "abstract": "In the context of the climate crisis and increasing urbanization, there is an urgent necessity to expand the  typological possibilities in timber construction. Wide-span, point-supported timber systems for multi-story buildings offer \r\nthe potential to substitute COၷ-intensive construction materials such as concrete and steel, utilize buildings as carbon \r\nsinks, and provide additional qualitative living and working spaces in urban areas. The development and incremental refinement of bespoke systems from initial conceptualization to technical feasibility and regulatory approval require the \r\nintegration and coordination of comprehensive expert knowledge. A highly integrative approach and interdisciplinary \r\nexchange of expert knowledge within the research team, as well as iterative and reciprocal expert knowledge exchange \r\nwith innovative stakeholders from the construction industry, are imperative. This paper presents the development of a co\u0002design framework for the IntCDC Multi-Story Timber Building System (MSTBS), which facilitates reciprocal and iterative knowledge exchange within the interdisciplinary core research team, as well as between researchers and stakeholders \r\nfrom the construction industry. The research demonstrates how an organizational co-design framework fosters the methodical collaboration between research and industry partners and enables the development of a novel timber building system, contributing to the transition towards more sustainable building practices.",
         "venue" : "Brisbane, Australia",
         
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "eventtitle" : "14th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025 (WCTE 2025)",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.52202/080513-0012",
         
         "bibtexKey": "treml2025concept"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2b8eb717e4cf74545aea917dbe299ae35/petraheim",         
         "tags" : [
            "2025","aicher","building","co-design","engineering","intcdc","integrative","itke","knippers","menges","multi-story","riedel","slab","stuttgart","system","tapia","timber","treml"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "b8eb717e4cf74545aea917dbe299ae35",
         "interHash" : "832c806fbc4ce9c68e78fad414b05e7f",
         "label" : "Concept to Construction Co-design and Integrative Development Processes for the InTCDC Multi-Storey Timber Building System",
         "user" : "petraheim",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2025-10-07 13:12:28",
         "changeDate" : "2026-02-24 13:56:39",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "proceedings",
         "booktitle": "Proceedings of the World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025","publisher":"World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Treml","Lorenz Riedel","Hans Jakob Wagner","Cristóbal Tapia","Simon Aicher","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Treml"},
            	{"first" : "Lorenz",	"last" : "Riedel"},
            	{"first" : "Hans Jakob",	"last" : "Wagner"},
            	{"first" : "Cristóbal",	"last" : "Tapia"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Aicher"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"}
         ],
         "abstract": "In the context of the climate crisis and increasing urbanization, there is an urgent necessity to expand the  typological possibilities in timber construction. Wide-span, point-supported timber systems for multi-story buildings offer \r\nthe potential to substitute COၷ-intensive construction materials such as concrete and steel, utilize buildings as carbon \r\nsinks, and provide additional qualitative living and working spaces in urban areas. The development and incremental refinement of bespoke systems from initial conceptualization to technical feasibility and regulatory approval require the \r\nintegration and coordination of comprehensive expert knowledge. A highly integrative approach and interdisciplinary \r\nexchange of expert knowledge within the research team, as well as iterative and reciprocal expert knowledge exchange \r\nwith innovative stakeholders from the construction industry, are imperative. This paper presents the development of a co\u0002design framework for the IntCDC Multi-Story Timber Building System (MSTBS), which facilitates reciprocal and iterative knowledge exchange within the interdisciplinary core research team, as well as between researchers and stakeholders \r\nfrom the construction industry. The research demonstrates how an organizational co-design framework fosters the methodical collaboration between research and industry partners and enables the development of a novel timber building system, contributing to the transition towards more sustainable building practices.",
         "venue" : "Brisbane, Australia",
         
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "eventtitle" : "14th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025 (WCTE 2025)",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.52202/080513-0012",
         
         "bibtexKey": "treml2025concept"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20a72d1180d9d9ffdbbd3f7b33ce9a61b/petraheim",         
         "tags" : [
            "2025","Computational","Form-finding","Integrative","Lightweight","Modular","Optimisation","Plate","Robotic","Segmented","Structural","aicher","bechert","design","engineering","fabrication","göbel","itke","knippers","menges","schlopschnat","shells","structure","system","timber"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "0a72d1180d9d9ffdbbd3f7b33ce9a61b",
         "interHash" : "fa29dda885c328adf06d4704f1fc70ec",
         "label" : "livMatS biomimetic shell: Structural advancements of segmented timber shells towards permanent building constructions",
         "user" : "petraheim",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2025-06-25 14:38:58",
         "changeDate" : "2025-06-25 14:38:58",
         "count" : 6,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Structures","publisher":"Elsevier",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Bechert","Christoph Schlopschnat","Monika Göbel","Simon Aicher","Achim Menges","Jan Knippers"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"},
            	{"first" : "Christoph",	"last" : "Schlopschnat"},
            	{"first" : "Monika",	"last" : "Göbel"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Aicher"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"}
         ],
         "volume": "79","pages": "109524","abstract": "Segmented timber shells (STS) represent an emerging modular system for lightweight, free-form architecture. While prior applications have largely been limited to temporary demonstrators, this paper presents the livMatS Biomimetic Shell\u2014the first permanent, fully functioning building realised using a segmented timber shell system \u2014marking a major step toward scalable and long-term architectural integration. The project demonstrates a holistic, digitally driven approach that integrates co-design across architecture, engineering, and robotic fabrication, in close collaboration with industry partners. The research applies an integrative structural design methodology, combining parametric shape analysis and advanced finite element methods to optimise the shell\u2019s form, segmentation, and structural performance. A central innovation is the refined hollow timber cassette system, which reduces material volume and structural weight while enabling insulation integration and structural adaptability. Additional contributions include a bifurcated shell geometry that incorporates a skylight and an innovative weather-responsive shading system. As a full-scale scientific demonstrator, the livMatS Biomimetic Shell positions STS as a viable, sustainable, and structurally robust solution for contemporary long-span timber architecture.",
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2025.109524",
         
         "bibtexKey": "bechert2025livmats"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20a72d1180d9d9ffdbbd3f7b33ce9a61b/itke",         
         "tags" : [
            "Robotic","Optimisation","shells","göbel","Structural","knippers","engineering","Plate","structure","system","itke","fabrication","menges","aicher","Lightweight","Modular","schlopschnat","Form-finding","design","Integrative","2025","Segmented","timber","Computational","bechert"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "0a72d1180d9d9ffdbbd3f7b33ce9a61b",
         "interHash" : "fa29dda885c328adf06d4704f1fc70ec",
         "label" : "livMatS biomimetic shell: Structural advancements of segmented timber shells towards permanent building constructions",
         "user" : "itke",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2025-06-25 14:38:58",
         "changeDate" : "2025-06-25 14:38:58",
         "count" : 6,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Structures","publisher":"Elsevier",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Bechert","Christoph Schlopschnat","Monika Göbel","Simon Aicher","Achim Menges","Jan Knippers"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"},
            	{"first" : "Christoph",	"last" : "Schlopschnat"},
            	{"first" : "Monika",	"last" : "Göbel"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Aicher"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"}
         ],
         "volume": "79","pages": "109524","abstract": "Segmented timber shells (STS) represent an emerging modular system for lightweight, free-form architecture. While prior applications have largely been limited to temporary demonstrators, this paper presents the livMatS Biomimetic Shell\u2014the first permanent, fully functioning building realised using a segmented timber shell system \u2014marking a major step toward scalable and long-term architectural integration. The project demonstrates a holistic, digitally driven approach that integrates co-design across architecture, engineering, and robotic fabrication, in close collaboration with industry partners. The research applies an integrative structural design methodology, combining parametric shape analysis and advanced finite element methods to optimise the shell\u2019s form, segmentation, and structural performance. A central innovation is the refined hollow timber cassette system, which reduces material volume and structural weight while enabling insulation integration and structural adaptability. Additional contributions include a bifurcated shell geometry that incorporates a skylight and an innovative weather-responsive shading system. As a full-scale scientific demonstrator, the livMatS Biomimetic Shell positions STS as a viable, sustainable, and structurally robust solution for contemporary long-span timber architecture.",
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2025.109524",
         
         "bibtexKey": "bechert2025livmats"

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         "booktitle": "Form and Force: Proceedings of the International Association for Spactial Structures Annual Symposia 2019 Barcelona",
         "year": "2019", 
         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Daniel Sonntag","Lotte Aldinger","Simon Bechert","Martin Alvarez","Abel Groenewolt","Oliver-David Krieg","Hans Jakob Wagner","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Daniel",	"last" : "Sonntag"},
            	{"first" : "Lotte",	"last" : "Aldinger"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"},
            	{"first" : "Martin",	"last" : "Alvarez"},
            	{"first" : "Abel",	"last" : "Groenewolt"},
            	{"first" : "Oliver-David",	"last" : "Krieg"},
            	{"first" : "Hans Jakob",	"last" : "Wagner"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"}
         ],
         "number": "October","pages": "1--8","abstract": "Segmented timber shells offer the possibility of constructing long span, double curved shell structures efficiently and economically. This was demonstrated with the Landesgartenschau Exhibition Hall 2014 in Schwäbisch Gmünd [1], a prefabricated segmented timber shell made of planar beech plywood plates. However, the application of this construction method for larger spans and more general shell geometries requires further technical development of the construction system, of its associated fabrication methods, and of the methods for form finding and optimisation. This paper presents the development and construction of the wood pavilion for the Bundesgartenschau (Federal garden exhibition, BUGA) 2019 in Heilbronn, which translates these technical developments into practice. Solid timber panels were replaced by a recently developed multi-layer cassette system. The 376 geometrically unique elements of the multi-layer segmented shell were produced of spruce laminated veneer lumber plates, which were assembled, glued, and milled in a fully automated process by two collaborative industrial robots. The shell segments are connected using a combination of the previously established CNC-milled finger-joints [2] as well as regularly spaced steel bolts. Custom design and analysis tools were developed, in order to manage varying material thicknesses, spacing of fasteners and geometric details of the connections between adjacent segments.",
         "venue" : "Barcelona",
         
         "eventdate" : "7.-10.10.2019",
         
         "eventtitle" : "IASS Annual Symposium 2019 \u2013 Structural Membranes 2019",
         
         "file" : ":C\\:/Users/ac128044/Google Drive/ICD_Wagner/01_Publikationen/PUBLICATION_COLLECTION/2019_IASS.pdf:pdf",
         
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         "author": [ 
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         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Daniel",	"last" : "Sonntag"},
            	{"first" : "Lotte",	"last" : "Aldinger"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"},
            	{"first" : "Martin",	"last" : "Alvarez"},
            	{"first" : "Abel",	"last" : "Groenewolt"},
            	{"first" : "Oliver-David",	"last" : "Krieg"},
            	{"first" : "Hans Jakob",	"last" : "Wagner"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"}
         ],
         "number": "October","pages": "1--8","abstract": "Segmented timber shells offer the possibility of constructing long span, double curved shell structures efficiently and economically. This was demonstrated with the Landesgartenschau Exhibition Hall 2014 in Schwäbisch Gmünd [1], a prefabricated segmented timber shell made of planar beech plywood plates. However, the application of this construction method for larger spans and more general shell geometries requires further technical development of the construction system, of its associated fabrication methods, and of the methods for form finding and optimisation. This paper presents the development and construction of the wood pavilion for the Bundesgartenschau (Federal garden exhibition, BUGA) 2019 in Heilbronn, which translates these technical developments into practice. Solid timber panels were replaced by a recently developed multi-layer cassette system. The 376 geometrically unique elements of the multi-layer segmented shell were produced of spruce laminated veneer lumber plates, which were assembled, glued, and milled in a fully automated process by two collaborative industrial robots. The shell segments are connected using a combination of the previously established CNC-milled finger-joints [2] as well as regularly spaced steel bolts. Custom design and analysis tools were developed, in order to manage varying material thicknesses, spacing of fasteners and geometric details of the connections between adjacent segments.",
         "venue" : "Barcelona",
         
         "eventdate" : "7.-10.10.2019",
         
         "eventtitle" : "IASS Annual Symposium 2019 \u2013 Structural Membranes 2019",
         
         "file" : ":C\\:/Users/ac128044/Google Drive/ICD_Wagner/01_Publikationen/PUBLICATION_COLLECTION/2019_IASS.pdf:pdf",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Sonntag2019"

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         "label" : "Segmented Timber Shells for Circular Construction: Relocation, Structural Assessment, and Robotic Fabrication of a Modular, Lightweight Timber Structure",
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         "date" : "2025-06-11 11:46:41",
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         "journal": "Buildings",
         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/11/1857", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Bechert","Simon Aicher","Lyudmila Gorokhova","Laura Balangé","Monika Göbel","Volker Schwieger","Achim Menges","Jan Knippers"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Aicher"},
            	{"first" : "Lyudmila",	"last" : "Gorokhova"},
            	{"first" : "Laura",	"last" : "Balangé"},
            	{"first" : "Monika",	"last" : "Göbel"},
            	{"first" : "Volker",	"last" : "Schwieger"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"}
         ],
         "volume": "15","number": "11","abstract": "Segmented timber shells present a novel building system that utilizes modular, planar building components to create lightweight free-form structures in architecture. Recent advancements in the research field of segmented timber shells pursue, among others, two fundamentally opposing research objectives. 1. The modularity of their building components facilitates the reuse of such structures in response to a changing built environment. 2. Advanced developments aim at establishing segmented timber shells as permanent building structures for sustainable architecture. This paper addresses the first research objective through the successful relocation of the BUGA Wood Pavilion in the context of the proposed methodology of Co-Design for circular construction. The methods and results involve integrative design and engineering processes and advanced quality assessment methods, including structural, geodetic, and physical properties for modular timber constructions. The BUGA Wood Pavilion serves as a building demonstrator for the presented research on segmented shells as lightweight, reusable, and durable timber structures.",
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         "year": "2025", 
         "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/11/1857", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Simon Bechert","Simon Aicher","Lyudmila Gorokhova","Laura Balangé","Monika Göbel","Volker Schwieger","Achim Menges","Jan Knippers"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Bechert"},
            	{"first" : "Simon",	"last" : "Aicher"},
            	{"first" : "Lyudmila",	"last" : "Gorokhova"},
            	{"first" : "Laura",	"last" : "Balangé"},
            	{"first" : "Monika",	"last" : "Göbel"},
            	{"first" : "Volker",	"last" : "Schwieger"},
            	{"first" : "Achim",	"last" : "Menges"},
            	{"first" : "Jan",	"last" : "Knippers"}
         ],
         "volume": "15","number": "11","abstract": "Segmented timber shells present a novel building system that utilizes modular, planar building components to create lightweight free-form structures in architecture. Recent advancements in the research field of segmented timber shells pursue, among others, two fundamentally opposing research objectives. 1. The modularity of their building components facilitates the reuse of such structures in response to a changing built environment. 2. Advanced developments aim at establishing segmented timber shells as permanent building structures for sustainable architecture. This paper addresses the first research objective through the successful relocation of the BUGA Wood Pavilion in the context of the proposed methodology of Co-Design for circular construction. The methods and results involve integrative design and engineering processes and advanced quality assessment methods, including structural, geodetic, and physical properties for modular timber constructions. The BUGA Wood Pavilion serves as a building demonstrator for the presented research on segmented shells as lightweight, reusable, and durable timber structures.",
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         "article-number" : "1857",
         
         "doi" : "10.3390/buildings15111857",
         
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         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2f196d46f42798df2043a3410efa968bf/isw-bibliothek",         
         "tags" : [
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         "year": "2024", 
         "url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382015068_Model-based_DevOps_fur_digitale_ZwillingeModel-based_DevOps_A_novel_approach_for_engineering_digital_twins_in_industry_40_factories/fulltext/6687fa9d714e0b0315490c61/Model-based-DevOps-fuer-digitale-Zwillinge-Model-based-DevOps-A-novel-approach-for-engineering-digital-twins-in-industry-40-factories.pdf", 
         
         "author": [ 
            " J. Zhang, A. Wortmann, O. Riedel"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "",	"last" : "J. Zhang, A. Wortmann, O. Riedel"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            " wt Werkstattstechnik online"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "",	"last" : "wt Werkstattstechnik online"}
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         "volume": "07","abstract": "Der digitale Zwilling ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Digitalisierung in der Industrie 4.0.\r\nDas Zwillingssystem besteht aus physischer und virtueller\r\n Repräsentation in Zusammensetzung mit einem komplexen\r\nSoftwaresystem, wofür ein aufwendiger Engineering-Prozess\r\nnötig ist. Dieser Prozess soll durch einen modellbasierten\r\n DevOps-Ansatz mittels Modellabstraktion unterstützt werden.\r\nDieser Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die Forschung und die\r\n Herausforderungen der modellbasierten DevOps.",
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         "label" : "Integrative Structural Design for a Multi-Storey Timber Building System",
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         "series": "Forschungsberichte aus dem Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart","publisher":"Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart",
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         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Anna Krtschil"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Anna",	"last" : "Krtschil"}
         ],
         "number": "50","pages": "73","abstract": "Changes in the building industry are required regarding the current challenges. Design methods, building systems as well as fabrication processes need to be rethought to reach sustainable solutions. Integrative design methods allow for comprehensive solutions that consider several disciplines from the early design phase. Timber, as a renewable resource allows for sustainable building systems and digital fabrication.\r\nThe aim of this thesis is the integration of structural requirements and simulation in the early design phase of multi-storey timber construction. The developments are divided into the design methods, the timber building system as well as their application and evaluation. The methods are differentiated between feedback-based and structurally informed design methods.\r\nThe building system design is based on the iterative synthesis of developments for the cross-section, the connections and the arrangement of the system elements considering architectural, engineering and fabrication requirements. Two timber building systems, one solid and one hollow, are developed and compared.\r\nThe methodology is applied and evaluated through the design of a building demonstrator.\r\nThe first two chapters of the thesis explain the motivation and challenges and situate the research within the context of integrated structural design and multi-storey timber construction.\r\nThe third chapter contains the publications about the methodology and systems and their application and evaluation. Chapter four and five summarize the research, draw conclusions from the developments and provide an outlook for future research within the context of integrative structural design in multi-storey timber construction.",
         "isbn" : "978-3-922302-50-6",
         
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "bibtexKey": "krtschil2024integrative"

      }
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         "url": "", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Anna Krtschil"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Anna",	"last" : "Krtschil"}
         ],
         "number": "50","pages": "73","abstract": "Changes in the building industry are required regarding the current challenges. Design methods, building systems as well as fabrication processes need to be rethought to reach sustainable solutions. Integrative design methods allow for comprehensive solutions that consider several disciplines from the early design phase. Timber, as a renewable resource allows for sustainable building systems and digital fabrication.\r\nThe aim of this thesis is the integration of structural requirements and simulation in the early design phase of multi-storey timber construction. The developments are divided into the design methods, the timber building system as well as their application and evaluation. The methods are differentiated between feedback-based and structurally informed design methods.\r\nThe building system design is based on the iterative synthesis of developments for the cross-section, the connections and the arrangement of the system elements considering architectural, engineering and fabrication requirements. Two timber building systems, one solid and one hollow, are developed and compared.\r\nThe methodology is applied and evaluated through the design of a building demonstrator.\r\nThe first two chapters of the thesis explain the motivation and challenges and situate the research within the context of integrated structural design and multi-storey timber construction.\r\nThe third chapter contains the publications about the methodology and systems and their application and evaluation. Chapter four and five summarize the research, draw conclusions from the developments and provide an outlook for future research within the context of integrative structural design in multi-storey timber construction.",
         "isbn" : "978-3-922302-50-6",
         
         "language" : "eng",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108296",
         
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   ]
}
