{ "types" : { "Bookmark" : { "pluralLabel" : "Bookmarks" }, "Publication" : { "pluralLabel" : "Publications" }, "GoldStandardPublication" : { "pluralLabel" : "GoldStandardPublications" }, "GoldStandardBookmark" : { "pluralLabel" : "GoldStandardBookmarks" }, "Tag" : { "pluralLabel" : "Tags" }, "User" : { "pluralLabel" : "Users" }, "Group" : { "pluralLabel" : "Groups" }, "Sphere" : { "pluralLabel" : "Spheres" } }, "properties" : { "count" : { "valueType" : "number" }, "date" : { "valueType" : "date" }, "changeDate" : { "valueType" : "date" }, "url" : { "valueType" : "url" }, "id" : { "valueType" : "url" }, "tags" : { "valueType" : "item" }, "user" : { "valueType" : "item" } }, "items" : [ { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2b2d16668eeb8b003f3644421f5707020/petraheim", "tags" : [ "2023","architecture","curved","hygroshell","itke","kiesewetter","knippers","körner","menges","self-shaping","shell","situ","takahashi","timber","wood" ], "intraHash" : "b2d16668eeb8b003f3644421f5707020", "interHash" : "7ccfc659b13cd3cb1b2037816e90a07b", "label" : "HYGROSHELL \u2013 In Situ Self-shaping of Curved Timber Shells", "user" : "petraheim", "description" : "", "date" : "2023-10-30 15:05:11", "changeDate" : "2023-10-30 15:05:11", "count" : 6, "pub-type": "inbook", "booktitle": "Advances in Architectural Geometry 2023","series": "De Gruyter STEM","publisher":"De Gruyter", "year": "2023", "url": "", "author": [ "Dylan Wood","Laura Kiesewetter","Axel Körner","Kenryo Takahashi","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Dylan", "last" : "Wood"}, {"first" : "Laura", "last" : "Kiesewetter"}, {"first" : "Axel", "last" : "Körner"}, {"first" : "Kenryo", "last" : "Takahashi"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"} ], "editor": [ "Kathrin Dörfler","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges","Stefana Parascho","Helmut Pottmann","Thomas Wortmann" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "Kathrin", "last" : "Dörfler"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"}, {"first" : "Stefana", "last" : "Parascho"}, {"first" : "Helmut", "last" : "Pottmann"}, {"first" : "Thomas", "last" : "Wortmann"} ], "pages": "43-54","abstract": "Curved, surface-active, shell structures are known for material efficiency and slenderness but typically require complex manufacturing and formwork in combination with intricate on-site construction processes. The presented research proposes an alternative approach: a self-shaping building system for deploying lightweight, curved surface structures made from timber. The system uses the inherent hygromorphic properties of wood which naturally shrinks through drying. This anisotropic shape change is embedded into large-scale bilayer sheets - produced, machined, and shingle clad in a flat state with their later curved shape and connection detailing physically programmed within the material build-ups. When placed on-site, these sheets actuate through air drying to a final curved and interlocked geometry. Geometrically the structure is integratively designed from variable single curved surfaces using key material parameters (end grain angle and moisture content change) within a material stock, in relation to both the self-shaping and the final structural configuration. Each surface is modeled in the curved state using a board specific algorithmic calculation of curvature potential in parallel to a flat fabrication model. Emphasis is placed on investment in early-stage planning and intelligent material arrangement as a method to produce useful curvature. As a result, the curved shell shapes and interlocks without formwork or external mechanical force, with little onsite work. The outcome is a lightweight, longspan roof structure built from single curved wood surfaces with a thin cross-laminated build up. The project demonstrates a tangible new method of low impact, light touch self-construction and an ecologically effective use of material and geometry.", "isbn" : "9783111160115", "language" : "eng", "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111162683-004", "bibtexKey": "wood2023hygroshell" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2d622e52f974e29312c6c7b9c202c5205/itke", "tags" : [ "2021","aag","architecture","bodea","cfrp","christie","components","coreless","coreless-wound","fabrication","fabrication-aware","filigree","from:petraheim","itke","knippers","material","menges","optimisation","shape","shell","slab","solly" ], "intraHash" : "d622e52f974e29312c6c7b9c202c5205", "interHash" : "be8fe74aa26f4d7345880ffaa62a0d40", "label" : "Filigree Shell Slabs: Material and Fabrication-aware Shape Optimisation for CFRP Coreless- wound Slab Components", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2021-07-08 12:44:42", "changeDate" : "2021-07-09 13:01:50", "count" : 4, "pub-type": "inbook", "booktitle": "Advances in Architectural Geometry 2020", "year": "2021", "url": "", "author": [ "Jorge Christie","Serban Bodea","James Solly","Achim Menges","Jan Knippers" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Jorge", "last" : "Christie"}, {"first" : "Serban", "last" : "Bodea"}, {"first" : "James", "last" : "Solly"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"} ], "editor": [ "O. Baverel","C. Douthe","R. Mesnil","C. Mueller","H. Pottman","T. Tachi" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "O.", "last" : "Baverel"}, {"first" : "C.", "last" : "Douthe"}, {"first" : "R.", "last" : "Mesnil"}, {"first" : "C.", "last" : "Mueller"}, {"first" : "H.", "last" : "Pottman"}, {"first" : "T.", "last" : "Tachi"} ], "pages": "244-263.","abstract": "In recent years, the coreless filament winding (CFW) technique has gained attraction due to its capacity to effectively realize large-scale lightweight building components out of fibre-reinforced composites. However, the sequential nature of its filament- based production process imposes a series of design constraints that restrain the use of this technique in new typologies and applications. The current research introduces a novel shape optimisation-to-fabrication method that expands the scope of CFW to- wards the production of load-bearing components for slabs. A multi-stage workflow is proposed, integrating parametric design, shape optimisation, stress-driven mate- rial layup, and fabrication to ensure a high level of consistency between form and materialization. The research is presented in two phases. The first phase explores the use of shape optimisation to comprehend the underlying logic of shell forms capable of performing under the specific requirements of the slab scenario. The sec- ond phase integrates the inherent conditions of the material, formwork system, and robotic filament winding process into a seamless design-to-manufacturing workflow. The research resulted in a 10.2 kg prototype of a slab load-bearing structure that withstood a load of 559 kg while spanning 2.7 m, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach.", "isbn" : "978-2-85978-540-6", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "jorge2021filigree" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2d622e52f974e29312c6c7b9c202c5205/petraheim", "tags" : [ "2021","aag","architecture","bodea","cfrp","christie","components","coreless","coreless-wound","fabrication","fabrication-aware","filigree","itke","knippers","material","menges","optimisation","shape","shell","slab","solly" ], "intraHash" : "d622e52f974e29312c6c7b9c202c5205", "interHash" : "be8fe74aa26f4d7345880ffaa62a0d40", "label" : "Filigree Shell Slabs: Material and Fabrication-aware Shape Optimisation for CFRP Coreless- wound Slab Components", "user" : "petraheim", "description" : "", "date" : "2021-07-08 12:44:42", "changeDate" : "2021-07-08 10:52:17", "count" : 4, "pub-type": "inbook", "booktitle": "Advances in Architectural Geometry 2020", "year": "2021", "url": "", "author": [ "Jorge Christie","Serban Bodea","James Solly","Achim Menges","Jan Knippers" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Jorge", "last" : "Christie"}, {"first" : "Serban", "last" : "Bodea"}, {"first" : "James", "last" : "Solly"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"} ], "editor": [ "O. Baverel","C. Douthe","R. Mesnil","C. Mueller","H. Pottman","T. Tachi" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "O.", "last" : "Baverel"}, {"first" : "C.", "last" : "Douthe"}, {"first" : "R.", "last" : "Mesnil"}, {"first" : "C.", "last" : "Mueller"}, {"first" : "H.", "last" : "Pottman"}, {"first" : "T.", "last" : "Tachi"} ], "pages": "244-263.","abstract": "In recent years, the coreless filament winding (CFW) technique has gained attraction due to its capacity to effectively realize large-scale lightweight building components out of fibre-reinforced composites. However, the sequential nature of its filament- based production process imposes a series of design constraints that restrain the use of this technique in new typologies and applications. The current research introduces a novel shape optimisation-to-fabrication method that expands the scope of CFW to- wards the production of load-bearing components for slabs. A multi-stage workflow is proposed, integrating parametric design, shape optimisation, stress-driven mate- rial layup, and fabrication to ensure a high level of consistency between form and materialization. The research is presented in two phases. The first phase explores the use of shape optimisation to comprehend the underlying logic of shell forms capable of performing under the specific requirements of the slab scenario. The sec- ond phase integrates the inherent conditions of the material, formwork system, and robotic filament winding process into a seamless design-to-manufacturing workflow. The research resulted in a 10.2 kg prototype of a slab load-bearing structure that withstood a load of 559 kg while spanning 2.7 m, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach.", "isbn" : "978-2-85978-540-6", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "jorge2021filigree" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/256f7eeb6dfd39c95c668f124ea0fb989/petraheim", "tags" : [ "2021","CLT","Timber","aldinger","architecture","bechert","computational","connection","cross-laminated","crossing-screw","curved","design","digital","engineering","fabrication","folded","integrative","itke","knippers","lightweight","menges","self-shaping","shell","structure","surface-active","tower","urbach","wood" ], "intraHash" : "56f7eeb6dfd39c95c668f124ea0fb989", "interHash" : "aad8f6d70032f2e6ebd1aa44175ecd70", "label" : "Urbach Tower: Integrative structural design of a lightweight structure made of self-shaped curved cross-laminated timber", "user" : "petraheim", "description" : "", "date" : "2021-07-06 10:40:17", "changeDate" : "2021-07-06 08:40:17", "count" : 6, "pub-type": "article", "journal": "Structures","publisher":"ELSEVIER SCI LTD", "year": "2021", "url": "", "author": [ "Simon Bechert","Lotte Aldinger","Dylan Wood","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Simon", "last" : "Bechert"}, {"first" : "Lotte", "last" : "Aldinger"}, {"first" : "Dylan", "last" : "Wood"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"} ], "volume": "33","pages": "3667--3681","abstract": "Recent development in research and practice for curved cross-laminated timber (CLT) opens up novel and interesting possibilities for applications of slender surface-active shell structures in architecture. Such typologies provide advantageous structural behaviour allowing for efficient and lightweight structures while simultaneously determine the envelope and space of a building. The high degree of prefabrication combined with a sustainable and renewable building material makes CLT an ecological and economic solution for future construction. This paper presents the design development and construction of the Urbach Tower for the Remstal Gartenschau 2019: a structure made from high curvature CLT components on a building scale. This research contribution illustrates a sophisticated integrative design to construction process emphasizing computational and structural design, fabrication and detailing for curved timber components in complex spatial structures. The authors further explore the structural potential of self-shaped curved CLT investigating the influence of curvature radius on the load-bearing behaviour of the tower structure. The Urbach Tower translates these technical developments into practice arising at the intersection of digital innovation and scientific research.", "language" : "eng", "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.06.073", "bibtexKey": "bechert2021urbach" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/256f7eeb6dfd39c95c668f124ea0fb989/itke", "tags" : [ "surface-active","knippers","engineering","shell","2021","digital","structure","itke","from:petraheim","fabrication","menges","cross-laminated","curved","folded","Timber","aldinger","crossing-screw","CLT","lightweight","integrative","self-shaping","design","connection","urbach","wood","computational","architecture","bechert","tower" ], "intraHash" : "56f7eeb6dfd39c95c668f124ea0fb989", "interHash" : "aad8f6d70032f2e6ebd1aa44175ecd70", "label" : "Urbach Tower: Integrative structural design of a lightweight structure made of self-shaped curved cross-laminated timber", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2021-07-06 10:40:17", "changeDate" : "2021-07-06 08:40:17", "count" : 6, "pub-type": "article", "journal": "Structures","publisher":"ELSEVIER SCI LTD", "year": "2021", "url": "", "author": [ "Simon Bechert","Lotte Aldinger","Dylan Wood","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Simon", "last" : "Bechert"}, {"first" : "Lotte", "last" : "Aldinger"}, {"first" : "Dylan", "last" : "Wood"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"} ], "volume": "33","pages": "3667--3681","abstract": "Recent development in research and practice for curved cross-laminated timber (CLT) opens up novel and interesting possibilities for applications of slender surface-active shell structures in architecture. Such typologies provide advantageous structural behaviour allowing for efficient and lightweight structures while simultaneously determine the envelope and space of a building. The high degree of prefabrication combined with a sustainable and renewable building material makes CLT an ecological and economic solution for future construction. This paper presents the design development and construction of the Urbach Tower for the Remstal Gartenschau 2019: a structure made from high curvature CLT components on a building scale. This research contribution illustrates a sophisticated integrative design to construction process emphasizing computational and structural design, fabrication and detailing for curved timber components in complex spatial structures. The authors further explore the structural potential of self-shaped curved CLT investigating the influence of curvature radius on the load-bearing behaviour of the tower structure. The Urbach Tower translates these technical developments into practice arising at the intersection of digital innovation and scientific research.", "language" : "eng", "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.06.073", "bibtexKey": "bechert2021urbach" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20020eae2b770d080d9986e1a193a79d5/petraheim", "tags" : [ "Itke","NFRP","absorption","acoustic","architecture","biocomposites","biomat","composites","dahy","design","extrusion","for","functionality","furniture","lignocellulosic-based","molding","multi","post-fabrication","resin-bath","segmented","shell","sustainability","sustainable" ], "intraHash" : "0020eae2b770d080d9986e1a193a79d5", "interHash" : "05e8563d8ef9b99a18af42efff1f34cf", "label" : "Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRP) Fabricated from Lignocellulosic Fibres for Future Sustainable Architectural Applications, Case Studies: Segmented-Shell Construction, Acoustic Panels, and Furniture", "user" : "petraheim", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-11-20 14:24:14", "changeDate" : "2020-11-20 13:24:14", "count" : 7, "pub-type": "electronic", "journal": "Sensors","address":"Basel", "year": "2019", "url": "", "author": [ "Hanaa Dahy" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Hanaa", "last" : "Dahy"} ], "volume": "19","number": "3","pages": "738","abstract": "Due to the high amounts of waste generated from the building industry field, it has become essential to search for renewable building materials to be applied in wider and more innovative methods in architecture. One of the materials with the highest potential in this area is natural fibre-reinforced polymers (NFRP), which are also called biocomposites, and are filled or reinforced with annually renewable lignocellulosic fibres. This would permit variable closed material cycles\u2019 scenarios and should decrease the amounts of waste generated in the building industry. Throughout this paper, this discussion will be illustrated through a number of developments and 1:1 mockups fabricated from newly developed lignocellulosic-based biocomposites from both bio-based and non-bio-based thermoplastic and thermoset polymers. Recyclability, closed materials cycles, and design variations with diverse digital fabrication technologies will be discussed in each case. The mock-ups\u2019 concepts, materials\u2019 compositions, and fabrication methods are illustrated. In the first case study, a structural segmented shell construction is developed and constructed. In the second case study, acoustic panels were developed. The final case studies are two types of furniture, where each is developed from a different lignocellulosic-based biocomposite. All of the presented case studies show diverse architectural design possibilities, structural abilities, and physical building characteristics.", "language" : "eng", "doi" : "doi: 10.3390/s19030738", "bibtexKey": "dahy2019natural" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20020eae2b770d080d9986e1a193a79d5/itke", "tags" : [ "biomat","dahy","absorption","segmented","acoustic","shell","sustainability","from:petraheim","sustainable","Itke","lignocellulosic-based","post-fabrication","for","functionality","multi","NFRP","design","molding","extrusion","furniture","composites","biocomposites","resin-bath","architecture" ], "intraHash" : "0020eae2b770d080d9986e1a193a79d5", "interHash" : "05e8563d8ef9b99a18af42efff1f34cf", "label" : "Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRP) Fabricated from Lignocellulosic Fibres for Future Sustainable Architectural Applications, Case Studies: Segmented-Shell Construction, Acoustic Panels, and Furniture", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-11-20 14:24:14", "changeDate" : "2020-11-20 13:24:14", "count" : 7, "pub-type": "electronic", "journal": "Sensors","address":"Basel", "year": "2019", "url": "", "author": [ "Hanaa Dahy" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Hanaa", "last" : "Dahy"} ], "volume": "19","number": "3","pages": "738","abstract": "Due to the high amounts of waste generated from the building industry field, it has become essential to search for renewable building materials to be applied in wider and more innovative methods in architecture. One of the materials with the highest potential in this area is natural fibre-reinforced polymers (NFRP), which are also called biocomposites, and are filled or reinforced with annually renewable lignocellulosic fibres. This would permit variable closed material cycles\u2019 scenarios and should decrease the amounts of waste generated in the building industry. Throughout this paper, this discussion will be illustrated through a number of developments and 1:1 mockups fabricated from newly developed lignocellulosic-based biocomposites from both bio-based and non-bio-based thermoplastic and thermoset polymers. Recyclability, closed materials cycles, and design variations with diverse digital fabrication technologies will be discussed in each case. The mock-ups\u2019 concepts, materials\u2019 compositions, and fabrication methods are illustrated. In the first case study, a structural segmented shell construction is developed and constructed. In the second case study, acoustic panels were developed. The final case studies are two types of furniture, where each is developed from a different lignocellulosic-based biocomposite. All of the presented case studies show diverse architectural design possibilities, structural abilities, and physical building characteristics.", "language" : "eng", "doi" : "doi: 10.3390/s19030738", "bibtexKey": "dahy2019natural" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/280750a53841da58bf077174d6a26b426/itke", "tags" : [ "DfD","biomat","bending-active","green","dahy","biomimetic","life-cycle","sustainable","segmented","building","scenarios","shell","digital","materials","itke","from:petraheim","end-of-life","structures","fabrication","architecture" ], "intraHash" : "80750a53841da58bf077174d6a26b426", "interHash" : "8e7a11c23156d8f3578f9456b5442165", "label" : "Materials as a Design Tool\u2019 Design Philosophy Applied in Three Innovative Research Pavilions Out of Sustainable Building Materials with Controlled End-Of-Life Scenarios", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-11-20 14:17:25", "changeDate" : "2020-11-20 13:17:25", "count" : 5, "pub-type": "article", "journal": "Buildings", "year": "2019", "url": "", "author": [ "Hanaa Dahy" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Hanaa", "last" : "Dahy"} ], "volume": "9","number": "3","pages": "64","abstract": "Choosing building materials is usually the stage that follows design in the architectural design process, and is rarely used as a main input and driver for the design of the whole building\u2019s geometries or structures. As an approach to have control over the environmental impact of the applied building materials and their after-use scenarios, an approach has been initiated by the author through a series of research studies, architectural built prototypes, and green material developments. This paper illustrates how sustainable building materials can be a main input in the design process, and how digital fabrication technologies can enable variable controlling strategies over the green materials\u2019 properties, enabling adjustable innovative building spaces with new architectural typologies, aesthetic values, and controlled martial life cycles. Through this, a new type of design philosophy by means of applying sustainable building materials with closed life cycles is created. In this paper, three case studies of research pavilions are illustrated. The pavilions were prefabricated and constructed from newly developed sustainable building materials. The applied materials varied between structural and non-structural building materials, where each had a controlled end-of-life scenario. The application of the bio-based building materials was set as an initial design phase, and the architects here participated within two disciplines: once as designers, and additionally as green building material developers. In all three case studies, Design for Deconstruction (DfD) strategies were applied in different manners, encouraging architects to further follow such suggested approaches.", "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings9030064", "bibtexKey": "dahy2019materials" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/280750a53841da58bf077174d6a26b426/petraheim", "tags" : [ "DfD","architecture","bending-active","biomat","biomimetic","building","dahy","digital","end-of-life","fabrication","green","itke","life-cycle","materials","scenarios","segmented","shell","structures","sustainable" ], "intraHash" : "80750a53841da58bf077174d6a26b426", "interHash" : "8e7a11c23156d8f3578f9456b5442165", "label" : "Materials as a Design Tool\u2019 Design Philosophy Applied in Three Innovative Research Pavilions Out of Sustainable Building Materials with Controlled End-Of-Life Scenarios", "user" : "petraheim", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-11-20 14:10:56", "changeDate" : "2020-11-20 13:17:25", "count" : 5, "pub-type": "article", "journal": "Buildings", "year": "2019", "url": "", "author": [ "Hanaa Dahy" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Hanaa", "last" : "Dahy"} ], "volume": "9","number": "3","pages": "64","abstract": "Choosing building materials is usually the stage that follows design in the architectural design process, and is rarely used as a main input and driver for the design of the whole building\u2019s geometries or structures. As an approach to have control over the environmental impact of the applied building materials and their after-use scenarios, an approach has been initiated by the author through a series of research studies, architectural built prototypes, and green material developments. This paper illustrates how sustainable building materials can be a main input in the design process, and how digital fabrication technologies can enable variable controlling strategies over the green materials\u2019 properties, enabling adjustable innovative building spaces with new architectural typologies, aesthetic values, and controlled martial life cycles. Through this, a new type of design philosophy by means of applying sustainable building materials with closed life cycles is created. In this paper, three case studies of research pavilions are illustrated. The pavilions were prefabricated and constructed from newly developed sustainable building materials. The applied materials varied between structural and non-structural building materials, where each had a controlled end-of-life scenario. The application of the bio-based building materials was set as an initial design phase, and the architects here participated within two disciplines: once as designers, and additionally as green building material developers. In all three case studies, Design for Deconstruction (DfD) strategies were applied in different manners, encouraging architects to further follow such suggested approaches.", "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings9030064", "bibtexKey": "dahy2019materials" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/24227971b3516b084125d1b37e8dcbac0/petraheim", "tags" : [ "2012","algorithm","architecture","based","dimcic","diss","dissertation","engineering","forschungsbericht","from:petraheim","genetic","grid","itke","optimisation","optimization","shell","structural" ], "intraHash" : "4227971b3516b084125d1b37e8dcbac0", "interHash" : "62f2af1051cae336f6d6ec10e72fed49", "label" : "Structural Optimization of Grid Shells based on Genetic Algorithms", "user" : "petraheim", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-06-24 13:42:52", "changeDate" : "2021-07-01 13:01:33", "count" : 2, "pub-type": "phdthesis", "series": "Forschungsberichte aus dem Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen","publisher":"Stuttgart: Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen","address":"ITKE, Stuttgart, Germany", "year": "2012", "url": "", "author": [ "Milos Dimcic" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Milos", "last" : "Dimcic"} ], "editor": [ "Jan Knippers" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"} ], "volume": "32","abstract": "In the 21st century, as free form design gains popularity, free-form grid shells are becoming a universal structural solution, enabling merger of structure and facade into a single layer - a skin [31]. The subject of the presented work is the optimization of grid structures over some predefined free form shape, with the goal of generating\r\na stable and statically efficient structure. It is shown how combining design and FEM software in an iterative, Genetic Algorithms based, optimization process, stress and displacements in grid shell structures can be significantly reduced, whereby material can be saved and stability enhanced.\r\nWithin this research, design and static analysis software are combined in order to perform a statical optimization of grid shells,generated over a given free form surface. A plug-in for Rhinoceros 3D (software based on NURBS [44] geometry representation) is developed, that uses Genetic Algorithms as an optimization method and implements automated iterative calls to Oasys GSA (commercial FEM static analysis software) in order to generate a statically optimal grid shell. To make this possible, within this research some new types of automatic grid generation are developed. Voronoi\r\ndiagrams [11] were used together with the adapted Force-Density method [38] to develop a new type of grid structure that we called Voronax. In the presented work it was shown that, using the same free form surface, and using the same number of joints and structural members, we can generate much more efficient grid shells,\r\nwhen compared to the standard (uniform) grid structures, simply by modifying the structural grid, i.e., rearranging the structural members of the grid shell.\r\nThe work presented offers an explanation of the entire method and how it can be constructed. The results of the experiments are there to prove its efficiency and credibility. Once it is proved that the method works, its application can take various forms and be left to the creativity of the user and the requirements of the\r\nspecific project.", "isbn" : "978-3-922302-32-2", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "dimcic2012structural" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/283ad214b9fee18994f2efc8798f1e367/itke", "tags" : [ "joint","glass","lippert","2012","knippers","engineering","shell","design","itke","optimisation","from:petraheim","pattern","fildhuth","architecture" ], "intraHash" : "83ad214b9fee18994f2efc8798f1e367", "interHash" : "9feea58a2d9fecb5b3e9bb108b9328f2", "label" : "Design and Joint Pattern Optimisation of Glass Shells", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-06-02 12:10:18", "changeDate" : "2020-06-02 10:10:18", "count" : 3, "pub-type": "inproceedings", "booktitle": "IASS-ACPS Conference Proceedings","address":"Seoul, Korea", "year": "2012", "url": "", "author": [ "Thiemo Fildhuth","S. Lippert","J Knippers" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Thiemo", "last" : "Fildhuth"}, {"first" : "S.", "last" : "Lippert"}, {"first" : "J", "last" : "Knippers"} ], "editor": [ "International Association for Shell","Spatial Structures" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "International Association", "last" : "for Shell"}, {"first" : "Spatial", "last" : "Structures"} ], "pages": "165 pp", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "fildhuth2012design" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/256fbffaee0341e7a613d9925f0d90959/itke", "tags" : [ "waimer","complex","knippers","shell","hybrid","itke","from:petraheim","2015","composite","construction","novel","architecture" ], "intraHash" : "56fbffaee0341e7a613d9925f0d90959", "interHash" : "6d99a58e0686346b5e01a3d437961cd0", "label" : "A novel hybrid composite construction for complex concrete shells in architecture", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:54:10", "changeDate" : "2020-05-22 12:54:10", "count" : 3, "pub-type": "inproceedings", "booktitle": "Proceedings of the IASS Symposium 2015", "year": "2015", "url": "", "author": [ "Frédéric Waimer","Jan Knippers" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Frédéric", "last" : "Waimer"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"} ], "eventtitle" : "IASS Symposium 2015", "venue" : "Amsterdam", "language" : "eng", "eventdate" : "2015-08-17/2015-08-20", "bibtexKey": "waimer2015novel" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20c5ebd603ac7a8dd756c660cb13f69b2/itke", "tags" : [ "2019","architecture","biomimetic","bionik","from:petraheim","grun","itke","knippers","menges","nebelsick","schwinn","segmented","shell","sonntag" ], "intraHash" : "0c5ebd603ac7a8dd756c660cb13f69b2", "interHash" : "c84145324efde7612425a2f3de1d6ac3", "label" : "Potential applications of segmented shells in architecture", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:29:51", "changeDate" : "2021-07-08 14:47:57", "count" : 5, "pub-type": "inbook", "booktitle": "Biomimetics for Architecture","publisher":"De Gruyter","address":"Berlin, Boston", "year": "2019", "url": "", "author": [ "Tobias Schwinn","Daniel Sonntag","Tobias Grun","James H. Nebelsick","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Tobias", "last" : "Schwinn"}, {"first" : "Daniel", "last" : "Sonntag"}, {"first" : "Tobias", "last" : "Grun"}, {"first" : "James H.", "last" : "Nebelsick"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"} ], "editor": [ "Jan Knippers","Ulrich Schmid","Thomas Speck" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Ulrich", "last" : "Schmid"}, {"first" : "Thomas", "last" : "Speck"} ], "pages": "116--125","abstract": "In architectural research, pavilions play a special role because, as temporary structures, they present an opportunity to investigate specific issues without having to fulfill all requirements for permanent buildings. The findings resulting from this investigation can then be utilized in the design and implementation of permanent buildings. In this contribution we describe the context in which the Rosenstein Timber Pavilion was created, and the special issues that were investigated in the project, as well as the knowledge gained from it. In addition, we provide an outlook on other current research topics in the field of segmented timber shells and their application in architecture.", "file" : ":C$\\backslash$:/Users/localicdtschw/Documents/Mendeley Desktop/Schwinn et al/Biomimetics for Architecture/Schwinn et al. - 2019 - Potential applications of segmented shells in architecture.pdf:pdf", "doi" : "10.1515/9783035617917-015", "bibtexKey": "Schwinn2019" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2e5b2fc6e8231550abe40d8f24cd0bd42/itke", "tags" : [ "2015","architecture","biomimetic","design","fabrication","from:petraheim","geometry","itke","knippers","krieg","leightweight","li","menges","plate","robotic","schmitt","schwieger","schwinn","shell","structures","timber" ], "intraHash" : "e5b2fc6e8231550abe40d8f24cd0bd42", "interHash" : "f457358d430d8a4fbcc11b242238832b", "label" : "Biomimetic Lightweight Timber Plate Shells: Computational Integration of Robotic Fabrication, Architectural Geometry and Structural Design.", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:28:48", "changeDate" : "2021-07-08 15:03:10", "count" : 7, "pub-type": "inbook", "booktitle": "Advances in Architectural Geometry 2014","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","address":"Cham, Heidelberg, New York", "year": "2015", "url": "", "author": [ "Oliver David Krieg","Tobias Schwinn","Achim Menges","Jian-Min Li","Jan Knippers","A. Schmitt","V. Schwieger" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Oliver David", "last" : "Krieg"}, {"first" : "Tobias", "last" : "Schwinn"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"}, {"first" : "Jian-Min", "last" : "Li"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "A.", "last" : "Schmitt"}, {"first" : "V.", "last" : "Schwieger"} ], "editor": [ "Philippe Block","Jan Knippers","Niloy J. Mitra","Wenping Wang" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "Philippe", "last" : "Block"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Niloy J.", "last" : "Mitra"}, {"first" : "Wenping", "last" : "Wang"} ], "pages": "109 \u2013 126","abstract": "The research presented in this paper pursues the development and construction of a robotically fabricated, lightweight timber plate system through a biologically informed, integrative computational design method. In the first part of the paper, the authors give an overview of their approach starting with the description of the biological role model and its technical abstraction, moving on to discuss the computational modelling approach that integrates relevant aspects of biomimetics, robotic fabrication and structural design. As part of the validation of the research, a full-scale, fully enclosed, insulated and waterproof building prototype has been developed and realized: The first building featuring a robotically fabricated primary structure made of beech plywood. Subsequently, the methods and results of a geodetic evaluation of the fabrication process are presented. Finally, as the close collaboration between architects, structural and geodetic engineers, and timber fabricators is integral to the process, the architectural and structural potentials of such integrative design processes are discussed.", "isbn" : "978-3-319-11417-0", "language" : "Englisch", "doi" : "10.1007/978-3-319-11418-7", "bibtexKey": "krieg2015biomimetic" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/24699caeded75ddd4b8fd038c7ba9a549/itke", "tags" : [ "2016","architecture","biomimetic","bionik","bischoff","construction","dehkordi","from:petraheim","grun","itke","knippers","menges","nebelsick","scheven","schwinn","segmented","shell","skeleton","sonntag" ], "intraHash" : "4699caeded75ddd4b8fd038c7ba9a549", "interHash" : "699154a91218ab010da56c71dd5e13f7", "label" : "The skeleton of the sand dollar as a biological role model for segmented shells in building construction: a research review.", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:28:48", "changeDate" : "2020-07-02 14:34:19", "count" : 4, "pub-type": "inbook", "booktitle": "Biomimetic Research for Architecture and Building Construction","series": "Biologically-Inspired Systems (8)","publisher":"Springer","address":"Cham", "year": "2016", "url": "", "author": [ "T.B. Grun","L.K.F. Dehkordi","Tobias Schwinn","Daniel Sonntag","M. von Scheven","Manfred Bischoff","Jan Knippers","Achim Menges","James H. Nebelsick" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "T.B.", "last" : "Grun"}, {"first" : "L.K.F.", "last" : "Dehkordi"}, {"first" : "Tobias", "last" : "Schwinn"}, {"first" : "Daniel", "last" : "Sonntag"}, {"first" : "M.", "last" : "von Scheven"}, {"first" : "Manfred", "last" : "Bischoff"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Achim", "last" : "Menges"}, {"first" : "James H.", "last" : "Nebelsick"} ], "editor": [ "Jan Knippers","Klaus Nickel","Thomas Speck" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Klaus", "last" : "Nickel"}, {"first" : "Thomas", "last" : "Speck"} ], "volume": "9","pages": "217 - 242","abstract": "Concrete double-curved shell constructions have been used in architectural design and building constructions since the beginning of the twentieth century. Although monolithic shells show a high stiffness as their geometry transfers loads through membrane forces, they have been mostly replaced by the more cost-efficient lattice systems. As lattice systems are covered by planar glass or metal panes, they neither reach the structural efficiency of monolithic shells, nor is their architectural elegance reflected in a continuous curvature. The shells of sand dollars\u2019 \u2013 highly adapted sea urchins \u2013 combine a modular and multi-plated shell with a flexible, curved as well as smooth design of a monolithic construction. The single elements of the sand dollars\u2019 skeleton are connected by calcite protrusions and can be additionally supported by organic fibres. The structural efficiency of the sea urchin\u2019s skeleton and the principles behind them can be used for innovations in engineering sciences and architectural design while, at the same time, they can be used to illustrate the biological adaptations of these ecologically important animals within their environments. The structure of the sand dollar\u2019s shell is investigated using modern as well as established imaging techniques such as x-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT), scanning electron microscopy and various optical imaging techniques. 3D models generated by μCT scans are the basis for Finite Element Analysis of the sand dollar\u2019s shell to identify possible structural principles and to analyse their structural behaviour. The gained insights of the sand dollar\u2019s mechanical properties can then be used for improving the state-of-the-art techniques of engineering sciences and architectural design.", "isbn" : "978-3319463728", "language" : "Englisch", "doi" : "https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-46374-2_11", "bibtexKey": "grun2016skeleton" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2a4ae2d8aaf070aa1b9f3e6ca5de9e4f0/itke", "tags" : [ "development","glass","helbig","knippers","shell","peer-reviewed","2009","design","grid","from:petraheim","architecture","glazed" ], "intraHash" : "a4ae2d8aaf070aa1b9f3e6ca5de9e4f0", "interHash" : "9e73c6954498dac578e7a102e5ca9570", "label" : "Recent Developments in the Design of Glazed Grid Shells", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:26:47", "changeDate" : "2020-05-22 12:26:47", "count" : 2, "pub-type": "article", "journal": "International Journal of Space Structures", "year": "2009", "url": "", "author": [ "Jan Knippers","Thorsten Helbig" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Thorsten", "last" : "Helbig"} ], "editor": [ "Sage Publishing" ], "editors": [ {"first" : "Sage", "last" : "Publishing"} ], "volume": "24","number": "2","pages": "111 \u2013 126", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "knippers2009recent" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2f95536bda701d0d91f57d570bbe7552b/itke", "tags" : [ "2007","architecture","from:petraheim","grid","helbig","knippers","shape","shell","smooth","stable" ], "intraHash" : "f95536bda701d0d91f57d570bbe7552b", "interHash" : "ee711b0855a246d1278977edc5ca50d7", "label" : "Smooth shapes and stable grids", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:24:43", "changeDate" : "2021-07-09 09:04:03", "count" : 2, "pub-type": "inproceedings", "booktitle": "IASS Symposium Shell and Spatial Structures: Structural Architecture \u2013 Towards the future looking to the past","address":"Venice, Italy", "year": "2007", "url": "", "author": [ "Jan Knippers","Thorsten Helbig" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Thorsten", "last" : "Helbig"} ], "pages": "207 \u2013 208", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "knippers2007smooth" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2a7d3a944c4048508b9c3cc42096fa325/itke", "tags" : [ "curved","laminate","glass","bent","double","knippers","2011","engineering","shell","cold","itke","from:petraheim","fildhuth","architecture" ], "intraHash" : "a7d3a944c4048508b9c3cc42096fa325", "interHash" : "8f1658eecb0aec73b3c496bfe5ad639d", "label" : "Double Curved Glass Shells from Cold Bent Glass Laminates", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:24:20", "changeDate" : "2020-05-22 12:24:20", "count" : 2, "pub-type": "inproceedings", "booktitle": "Glass Processing Days 2011, Conference Proceedings","address":"Tampere, Finland", "year": "2011", "url": "", "author": [ "Thiemo Fildhuth","Jan Knippers" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Thiemo", "last" : "Fildhuth"}, {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"} ], "pages": "316 - 321", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "fildhuth2011double" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2693d16d8837d39db0a77f242011fd2d1/itke", "tags" : [ "2009","architecture","dach","engineering","frankfurt","from:petraheim","glas","glasdach","grid","helbig","itke","knippers","shell","zeil" ], "intraHash" : "693d16d8837d39db0a77f242011fd2d1", "interHash" : "635e91172bc4d6c8ab6ed68263245485", "label" : "The Frankfurt Zeil Grid Shell", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:24:19", "changeDate" : "2021-07-09 09:08:28", "count" : 2, "pub-type": "inproceedings", "booktitle": "Evolution and Trends in Design, Analysis and Construction of Shell ans Spatial Structures, IASS Symposium","address":"Valencia, Spain", "year": "2009", "url": "", "author": [ "Jan Knippers","Thorsten Helbig" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Jan", "last" : "Knippers"}, {"first" : "Thorsten", "last" : "Helbig"} ], "pages": "328 \u2013 329", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "knippers2009frankfurt" } , { "type" : "Publication", "id" : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2dd9bd77093acd0fd2fa6e874dcf59386/itke", "tags" : [ "2012","architecture","design","engineering","fildhuth","from:petraheim","glass","itke","joint","knippers","lippert","optimisation","pattern","shell" ], "intraHash" : "dd9bd77093acd0fd2fa6e874dcf59386", "interHash" : "9feea58a2d9fecb5b3e9bb108b9328f2", "label" : "Design and Joint Pattern Optimisation of Glass Shells", "user" : "itke", "description" : "", "date" : "2020-05-22 14:23:59", "changeDate" : "2020-05-25 09:39:36", "count" : 3, "pub-type": "inproceedings", "booktitle": "IASS-ACPS Conference Proceedings","address":"Seoul, Korea", "year": "2012", "url": "", "author": [ "Thiemo Fildhuth","S. Lippert","J Knippers" ], "authors": [ {"first" : "Thiemo", "last" : "Fildhuth"}, {"first" : "S.", "last" : "Lippert"}, {"first" : "J", "last" : "Knippers"} ], "pages": "165 pp", "language" : "eng", "bibtexKey": "fildhuth2012design" } ] }