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      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2c7e68ae5f3894d810752300311254ade/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "lengthening","Active","Force-length","Force-velocity","relation","Benchmark","LS-DYNA","Muscle","model","Impedance"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "c7e68ae5f3894d810752300311254ade",
         "interHash" : "f87d2c872f2e6f474113b724ada23083",
         "label" : "A benchmark of muscle models to length changes great and small",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : " linked to Projekt Adires",
         "date" : "2024-09-24 16:36:35",
         "changeDate" : "2025-02-11 20:19:56",
         "count" : 16,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "ScienceDirect Elsevier",
         "year": "2024", 
         "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616124003722?via%3Dihub", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Matthew Millard","Norman Stutzig","Jörg Fehr","Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Matthew",	"last" : "Millard"},
            	{"first" : "Norman",	"last" : "Stutzig"},
            	{"first" : "Jörg",	"last" : "Fehr"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "abstract": "Digital human body models are used to simulate injuries that occur as a result of vehicle collisions, vibration, sports, and falls. Given enough time the body\u2019s musculature can generate force, affect the body\u2019s movements, and change the risk of some injuries. The finite-element code LS-DYNA is often used to simulate the movements and injuries sustained by the digital human body models as a result of an accident. In this work, we evaluate the accuracy of the three muscle models in LS-DYNA (MAT_156, EHTM, and the VEXAT) when simulating a range of experiments performed on isolated muscle: force-length-velocity experiments on maximally and sub-maximally stimulated muscle, active-lengthening experiments, and vibration experiments. The force-length-velocity experiments are included because these conditions are typical of the muscle activity that precedes an accident, while the active-lengthening and vibration experiments mimic conditions that can cause injury. The three models perform similarly during the maximally and sub-maximally activated force-length-velocity experiments, but noticeably differ in response to the active-lengthening and vibration experiments. The VEXAT model is able to generate the enhanced forces of biological muscle during active lengthening, while both the MAT_156 and EHTM produce too little force. In response to vibration, the stiffness and damping of the VEXAT model closely follows the experimental data while the MAT_156 and EHTM models differ substantially. The accuracy of the VEXAT model comes from two additional mechanical structures that are missing in the MAT_156 and EHTM models: viscoelastic cross-bridges, and an active titin filament. To help others build on our work we have made our simulation code publicly available.",
         "language" : "English",
         
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106740",
         
         "bibtexKey": "millard2024benchmark"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2f8a46782d2e4a2450dcfab086189c766/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "Force-length","Calcium","Layer-specific","relation","modelling","characteristics","Multi-field","Constitutive","contractions","wave","Gastric"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "f8a46782d2e4a2450dcfab086189c766",
         "interHash" : "b2e9f3879d7835b867e7413d94038270",
         "label" : "On a coupled electro-chemomechanical model of gastric smooth muscle contraction",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Acta Biomaterialia","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2020", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2020.04.007", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Lisa Klemm","Robert Seydewitz","Mischa Borsdorf","Tobias Siebert","Markus Böl"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Lisa",	"last" : "Klemm"},
            	{"first" : "Robert",	"last" : "Seydewitz"},
            	{"first" : "Mischa",	"last" : "Borsdorf"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"},
            	{"first" : "Markus",	"last" : "Böl"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "109","pages": "163--181",
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.007",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Klemm_2020"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2c5478835f2cd88ec490ace0e656a5b8f/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "gastric","relation","tissue","enhancement","force-velocity","contraction-behavior","muscle","motility","depression","force","smooth","force-length","properties"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "c5478835f2cd88ec490ace0e656a5b8f",
         "interHash" : "a5eeda529640c3525644d1772eb0cba6",
         "label" : "Porcine Stomach Smooth Muscle Force Depends on History-Effects",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:14:49",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Front Physiol",
         "year": "2017", 
         "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29093684", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "A. Tomalka","M. Borsdorf","M. Böl","T. Siebert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "A.",	"last" : "Tomalka"},
            	{"first" : "M.",	"last" : "Borsdorf"},
            	{"first" : "M.",	"last" : "Böl"},
            	{"first" : "T.",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "8","pages": "802","abstract": "The stomach serves as food reservoir, mixing organ and absorption area for certain substances, while continually varying its position and size. Large dimensional changes during ingestion and gastric emptying of the stomach are associated with large changes in smooth muscle length. These length changes might induce history-effects, namely force depression (FD) following active muscle shortening and force enhancement (FE) following active muscle stretch. Both effects have impact on the force generating capacity of the stomach, and thus functional relevance. However, less is known about history-effects and active smooth muscle properties of stomach smooth muscle. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate biomechanical muscle properties as force-length and force-velocity relations (FVR) of porcine stomach smooth muscle strips, extended by the analysis of history-effects on smooth muscle force. Therefore, in total n = 54 tissue strips were dissected in longitudinal direction from the ventral fundus of porcine stomachs. Different isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic contraction protocols were performed during electrical muscle stimulation. Cross-sectional areas (CSA) of smooth muscles were determined from cryo-histological sections stained with Picrosirius Red. Results revealed that maximum smooth muscle tension was 10.4 ± 2.6 N/cm2. Maximum shortening velocity (Vmax ) and curvature factor (curv) of the FVR were 0.04 ± 0.01 [optimum muscle length/s] and 0.36 ± 0.15, respectively. The findings of the present study demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) FD [up to 32% maximum muscle force (Fim )] and FE (up to 16% Fim ) of gastric muscle tissue, respectively. The FE- and FD-values increased with increasing ramp amplitude. This outstanding muscle behavior is not accounted for in existing models so far and strongly supports the idea of a holistic reflection of distinct stomach structure and function. For the first time this study provides a comprehensive set of stomach smooth muscle parameters including classic biomechanical muscle properties and history-dependent effects, offering the possibility for the development and validation of computational stomach models. Furthermore, this data set facilitates novel insights in gastric motility and contraction behavior based on the re-evaluation of existing contractile mechanisms. That will likely help to understand physiological functions or dysfunctions in terms of gastric accommodation and emptying.",
         "issn" : "1664-042X (Print)\r\n1664-042X (Linking)",
         
         "doi" : "10.3389/fphys.2017.00802",
         
         "bibtexKey": "RN6295"

      }
	  
   ]
}
