
{  
   "types" : {
      "Bookmark" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "Bookmarks"
      },
      "Publication" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "Publications"
      },
      "GoldStandardPublication" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "GoldStandardPublications"
      },
      "GoldStandardBookmark" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "GoldStandardBookmarks"
      },
      "Tag" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "Tags"
      },
      "User" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "Users"
      },
      "Group" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "Groups"
      },
      "Sphere" : {
         "pluralLabel" : "Spheres"
      }
   },
   
   "properties" : {
      "count" : {
         "valueType" : "number"
      },
      "date" : {
         "valueType" : "date"
      },
      "changeDate" : {
         "valueType" : "date"
      },
      "url" : {
         "valueType" : "url"
      },
      "id" : {
         "valueType" : "url"
      },
      "tags" : {
         "valueType" : "item"
      },
      "user" : {
         "valueType" : "item"
      }      
   },
   
   "items" : [
   	  
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2bdb55aca3ae7eac8dc1d01764e0773a3/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "stretch","muscle-tendon","siebert","unit","muscle","Eccentric","action","active","stretch-shortening","cycle"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "bdb55aca3ae7eac8dc1d01764e0773a3",
         "interHash" : "ded4877e88b626fe8d1872f00b7a2a53",
         "label" : "Unlocking the benefit of active stretch: The Eccentric muscle action not the preload maximizes muscle-tendon unit stretch-shortening cycle performance",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2024-07-01 13:13:24",
         "changeDate" : "2024-07-01 13:13:24",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Journal of Applied Physiology","publisher":"American Physiological Society",
         "year": "2024", 
         "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00809.2023", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Tobias Goecking","Denis Holzer","Daniel Hahn","Tobias Siebert","Wolfgang Seiberl"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Goecking"},
            	{"first" : "Denis",	"last" : "Holzer"},
            	{"first" : "Daniel",	"last" : "Hahn"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"},
            	{"first" : "Wolfgang",	"last" : "Seiberl"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "abstract": "Stretch-shortening cycles (SSCs) outperform shortening contractions preceded by isometric contractions in terms of enhanced force/torque, work, and power production during shortening. This so-called SSC-effect is presumably related to the active muscle stretch before shortening in SSCs. However, it remains unclear whether the stretch-induced higher preload level or stretch-induced history dependence effects maximize the SSC-effect. Therefore, we analyzed fascicle behavior, MTU shortening work, and torque/force (N=12 participants) via ultrasound and dynamometry during electrically stimulated submaximal plantar flexion contractions from 10° plantarflexion to 15° dorsiflexion. To elucidate the effects of preload level and preload modality (i.e. contraction type) on shortening performance, muscle-tendon unit shortening was preceded by fixed-end (SHO), active stretch (SSC), and preload-matched fixed-end (MATCHED) contractions. Prior to shortening MATCHED and SCC had the same preload level (1% torque difference), similar joint position and muscle fascicle lengths. Compared with SHO, shortening work was significantly (p<.001, partial η2=.749) increased by 85% and 55% for SSC and MATCHED, respectively, with SSC shortening work being significantly higher than MATCHED (p=.016). This indicates that preload contributes by 65% to the overall SSC-effect, so that 35 % need to be referred to stretched-induced history dependent mechanisms. Additionally, SSC showed larger fascicle forces at the end of shortening (p<.001) and 20% less depressed isometric torque following shortening compared with MATCHED (p<.001). Since potential decoupling effects by the series elastic element were controlled by matching the preload levels, we conclude that the difference between SSC and MATCHED is related to stretch-induced long-lasting history dependent effects.",
         "language" : "English",
         
         "issn" : "1522-1601",
         
         "doi" : "10.1152/japplphysiol.00809.2023",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Goecking_2024"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2d627d1373c83b8831d4db9c14e3feadb/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "Image","Skeletal","ultrasound","3D","Inspo","PN2-8","Pennation","muscle","angle","processing","Siebert","architecture"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "d627d1373c83b8831d4db9c14e3feadb",
         "interHash" : "98fb95294493de86e2fff35735a2a27a",
         "label" : "3D ultrasound-based determination of skeletal muscle fascicle orientations",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2024-04-02 12:17:45",
         "changeDate" : "2024-07-16 12:43:09",
         "count" : 5,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology",
         "year": "2024", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-024-01837-3", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Annika S. Sahrmann","Lukas Vosse","Tobias Siebert","Geoffrey G. Handsfield","Oliver Röhrle"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Annika S.",	"last" : "Sahrmann"},
            	{"first" : "Lukas",	"last" : "Vosse"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"},
            	{"first" : "Geoffrey G.",	"last" : "Handsfield"},
            	{"first" : "Oliver",	"last" : "Röhrle"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "abstract": "Architectural parameters of skeletal muscle such as pennation angle provide valuable information on muscle function, since they can be related to the muscle force generating capacity, fiber packing, and contraction velocity. In this paper, we introduce a 3D ultrasound-based workflow for determining 3D fascicle orientations of skeletal muscles. We used a custom-designed automated motor driven 3D ultrasound scanning system for obtaining 3D ultrasound images. From these, we applied a custom-developed multiscale-vessel enhancement filter-based fascicle detection algorithm and determined muscle volume and pennation angle. We conducted trials on a phantom and on the human tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of 10 healthy subjects in plantarflexion (157 ± 7\\$\\$^\\backslashcirc\\$\\$), neutral position (109 ± 7\\$\\$^\\backslashcirc\\$\\$, corresponding to neutral standing), and one resting position in between (145 ± 6\\$\\$^\\backslashcirc\\$\\$). The results of the phantom trials showed a high accuracy with a mean absolute error of 0.92 ± 0.59\\$\\$^\\backslashcirc\\$\\$. TA pennation angles were significantly different between all positions for the deep muscle compartment; for the superficial compartment, angles are significantly increased for neutral position compared to plantarflexion and resting position. Pennation angles were also significantly different between superficial and deep compartment. The results of constant muscle volumes across the 3 ankle joint angles indicate the suitability of the method for capturing 3D muscle geometry. Absolute pennation angles in our study were slightly lower than recent literature. Decreased pennation angles during plantarflexion are consistent with previous studies. The presented method demonstrates the possibility of determining 3D fascicle orientations of the TA muscle in vivo.",
         "issn" : "1617-7940",
         
         "doi" : "10.1007/s10237-024-01837-3",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Sahrmann2024"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2d99121cf0e4d2bfa7c185360a86e038b/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "area","Inspo","siebert","Aponeurosis","pennation","geometry","length","Muscle","compartments","Fascicle","curvature"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "d99121cf0e4d2bfa7c185360a86e038b",
         "interHash" : "816781b7dca07a6982acaabf86b1f62f",
         "label" : "Influence of muscle length on the three-dimensional architecture and aponeurosis dimensions of rabbit calf muscles",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2024-04-02 12:06:57",
         "changeDate" : "2024-04-02 12:06:57",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2024", 
         "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106452", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Mischa Borsdorf","Stefan Papenkort","Markus Böl","Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Mischa",	"last" : "Borsdorf"},
            	{"first" : "Stefan",	"last" : "Papenkort"},
            	{"first" : "Markus",	"last" : "Böl"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "152","pages": "106452","abstract": "The function of a muscle is highly dependent on its architecture, which is characterized by the length, pennation, and curvature of the fascicles, and the geometry of the aponeuroses. During in vivo function, muscles regularly undergo changes in length, thereby altering their architecture. During passive muscle lengthening, fascicle length (FL) generally increases and the angle of fascicle pennation (FP) and the fascicle curvature (FC) decrease, while the aponeuroses increase in length but decrease in width.\r\n\r\nMuscles are differently structured, making their change during muscle lengthening complex and multifaceted. To obtain comprehensive data on architectural changes in muscles during passive length, the present study determined the three-dimensional fascicle geometry of rabbit M. gastrocnemius medialis (GM), M. gastrocnemius lateralis (GL), and M. plantaris (PLA). For this purpose, the left and right legs of three rabbits were histologically fixed at targeted ankle joint angles of 95° (short muscle length [SML]) and 60° (long muscle length [LML]), respectively, and the fascicles were tracked by manual three-dimensional digitization. In a second set of experiments, the GM aponeurosis dimensions of ten legs from five rabbits were determined at varying muscle lengths via optical marker tracking.\r\n\r\nThe GM consisted of a uni-pennated compartment, whereas the GL and PLA contained multiple compartments of differently pennated fascicles. In the LML compared to the SML, the GM, GL, and PLA had on average a 41%, 29%, and 41% increased fascicle length, and a 30%, 25%, and 33% decrease in fascicle pennation and a 32%, 11%, and 35% decrease in fascicle curvature, respectively. Architectural properties were also differentiated among the different compartments of the PLA and GL, allowing for a more detailed description of their fascicle structure and changes. It was shown that the compartments change differently with muscle length. It was also shown that for each degree of ankle joint angle reduction, the proximal GM aponeurosis length increased by 0.11%, the aponeurosis width decreased by 0.22%, and the area was decreased by 0.20%. The data provided improve our understanding of muscles and can be used to develop and validate muscle models.",
         "language" : "English",
         
         "issn" : "1751-6161",
         
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106452",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Borsdorf_2024"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/241f799ec2a117a2bfd46b28d39c69a87/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "science","siebert","muscle","physics","Biological","Computational","Tendons","Skeletal"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "41f799ec2a117a2bfd46b28d39c69a87",
         "interHash" : "aee160b5519c0af6fa973bd447145583",
         "label" : "Tendon compliance and preload must be considered when determining the in vivo force\u2013velocity relationship from the torque\u2013angular velocity relation",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2023-04-27 07:44:35",
         "changeDate" : "2023-04-27 07:44:35",
         "count" : 3,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Scientific Reports",
         "year": "2023", 
         "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-33643-9", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Denis Holzer","Matthew Millard","Daniel Hahn","Tobias Siebert","Ansgar Schwirtz","Wolfgang Seiberl"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Denis",	"last" : "Holzer"},
            	{"first" : "Matthew",	"last" : "Millard"},
            	{"first" : "Daniel",	"last" : "Hahn"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"},
            	{"first" : "Ansgar",	"last" : "Schwirtz"},
            	{"first" : "Wolfgang",	"last" : "Seiberl"}
         ],
         "volume": "13","number": "6588","abstract": "In vivo, the force\u2013velocity relation (F\u2013v\u2013r) is typically derived from the torque\u2013angular velocity relation (T\u2013ω\u2013r), which is subject to two factors that may influence resulting measurements: tendon compliance and preload prior to contraction. The in vivo plantar flexors\u2019 T\u2013ω\u2013r was determined during preloaded maximum voluntary shortening contractions at 0\u2013200°/s. Additionally, we used a two factor block simulation study design to independently analyze the effects of preload and tendon compliance on the resulting T\u2013ω\u2013r. Therefore, we replicated the in vivo experiment using a Hill-type muscle model of the gastrocnemius medialis. The simulation results matched a key pattern observed in our recorded in vivo experimental data: during preloaded contractions, torque output of the muscle was increased when compared with non-preloaded contractions from literature. This effect increased with increasing contraction velocity and can be explained by a rapidly recoiling tendon, allowing the contractile element to contract more slowly, thus developing higher forces compared with non-preloaded contractions. Our simulation results also indicate that a more compliant tendon results in increased ankle joint torques. The simulation and the experimental data clearly show that the deduction of the in vivo F\u2013v\u2013r from the T\u2013ω\u2013r is compromised due to the two factors preloading and tendon compliance.",
         "language" : "English",
         
         "doi" : "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33643-9",
         
         "bibtexKey": "noauthororeditor"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2f3ea1e618c4a48d9960a8608638083fc/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "Bewegungswissenschaft","Sport","INSPO","Stutzig","Siebert"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "f3ea1e618c4a48d9960a8608638083fc",
         "interHash" : "33d99b2feab85592658d0dcdefea70d9",
         "label" : "The reproducibility of different metabolic markers for muscle fiber type distributions investigated by functional 31P-MRS during dynamic exercise",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2016", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.zemedi.2016.06.006", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Reinhard Rzanny","Norman Stutzig","Patrick Hiepe","Alexander Gussew","Hans-Alexander Thorhauer","Jürgen R. Reichenbach"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Reinhard",	"last" : "Rzanny"},
            	{"first" : "Norman",	"last" : "Stutzig"},
            	{"first" : "Patrick",	"last" : "Hiepe"},
            	{"first" : "Alexander",	"last" : "Gussew"},
            	{"first" : "Hans-Alexander",	"last" : "Thorhauer"},
            	{"first" : "Jürgen R.",	"last" : "Reichenbach"}
         ],
         "volume": "26","number": "4","pages": "323--338",
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.zemedi.2016.06.006",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Rzanny_2016"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2602656fea5d5121ea3677065f91a912f/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "bewegungswissenschaft","siebert","inspo","Stutzig","sport"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "602656fea5d5121ea3677065f91a912f",
         "interHash" : "42654ded570bef5d6a72323af47a56c7",
         "label" : "Body movement distribution with respect to swimmer's glide position in human underwater undulatory swimming",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Human Movement Science","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2014", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.humov.2014.08.017", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Stefan Hochstein","Reinhard Blickhan"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Stefan",	"last" : "Hochstein"},
            	{"first" : "Reinhard",	"last" : "Blickhan"}
         ],
         "volume": "38","pages": "305--318",
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.humov.2014.08.017",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Hochstein_2014"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2119c875d58ff5abf467f4d53b72b94c3/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "Bewegungswissenschaft","Sport","INSPO","Stutzig","Siebert"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "119c875d58ff5abf467f4d53b72b94c3",
         "interHash" : "3e6098f960ca5e37eadd816e96fd2706",
         "label" : "Combined spiroergometry and31P-MRS of human calf muscle during high-intensity exercise",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "NMR in Biomedicine","publisher":"Wiley",
         "year": "2017", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fnbm.3723", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "K. Moll","A. Gussew","C. Hein","N. Stutzig","J.R. Reichenbach"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "K.",	"last" : "Moll"},
            	{"first" : "A.",	"last" : "Gussew"},
            	{"first" : "C.",	"last" : "Hein"},
            	{"first" : "N.",	"last" : "Stutzig"},
            	{"first" : "J.R.",	"last" : "Reichenbach"}
         ],
         "volume": "30","number": "7","pages": "e3723",
         "doi" : "10.1002/nbm.3723",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Moll_2017"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2f2b33a8fab72eb8df1b47397fd2b4d4b/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "fibers","Eccentric","affects","velocity","contractions","Tomalka","Inspo","PN2A-1","muscle","Siebert","Cross-bridges","activated","Weidner"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "f2b33a8fab72eb8df1b47397fd2b4d4b",
         "interHash" : "404ae626cf3fd75a8044ef50b7d42c8d",
         "label" : "How velocity impacts eccentric force generation of fully activated skinned skeletal muscle fibers in long stretches",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2024-07-05 14:40:05",
         "count" : 6,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Journal of Applied Physiology",
         "year": "2022", 
         "url": "/brokenurl# https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00735.2021    ", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Sven Weidner","Andre Tomalka","Christian Rode","Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Sven",	"last" : "Weidner"},
            	{"first" : "Andre",	"last" : "Tomalka"},
            	{"first" : "Christian",	"last" : "Rode"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "133","number": "1","pages": "223-233","note": "PMID: 35652830","abstract": "Ecccentric muscle contractions are fundamental to everyday life. They occur markedly in jumping, running, and accidents. Following an initial force rise, stretching of a fully activated muscle can result in a phase of decreasing force (\u201CGive\u201D) followed by force redevelopment. However, how the stretch velocity affects \u201CGive\u201D and force redevelopment remains largely unknown. We investigated the force produced by fully activated single-skinned fibers of rat extensor digitorum longus muscles during long stretches. Fibers were pulled from length 0.85 to 1.3 optimal fiber length at a rate of 1\\%, 10\\%, and 100\\% of the estimated maximum shortening velocity. \u201CGive\u201D was absent in slow stretches. Medium and fast stretches yielded a clear \u201CGive.\u201D After the initial force peak, forces decreased by 11.2\\% and 27.8\\% relative to the initial peak force before rising again. During the last half of the stretch (from 1.07 to 1.3 optimal fiber length, which is within the range of the expected descending limb of the force-length relationship), the linear force slope tripled from slow to medium stretch and increased further by 60\\% from medium to fast stretch. These results are compatible with forcible cross-bridge detachment and redevelopment of a cross-bridge distribution, and a viscoelastic titin contribution to fiber force. Accounting for these results can improve muscle models and predictions of multibody simulations.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Eccentric muscle contractions are part of our daily lives. We found that force increased monotonically during slow stretches of fully activated muscle fibers, whereas higher stretch velocities resulted in an increasing drop in force after an initial increase and a final steeper rise in force. Cross-bridges cannot explain the observed force traces. This requires a viscoelastic non-cross-bridge contribution. Considering these results can improve muscle models and predictions of multibody simulations.",
         "eprint" : "https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00735.2021",
         
         "doi" : "10.1152/japplphysiol.00735.2021",
         
         "bibtexKey": "doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00735.2021"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2f71cfcc6e924bf28cb9c66fd96871164/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "muscles","Christensen","Inspo","skeletal","locomotion","legged","Siebert"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "f71cfcc6e924bf28cb9c66fd96871164",
         "interHash" : "8d57f66d6d49c966e4b14d7c8bf8bfef",
         "label" : "Cross-bridge mechanics estimated from skeletal muscles' work-loop responses to impacts in legged locomotion",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Scientific Reports",
         "year": "2021", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02819-6", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Kasper B. Christensen","Michael Guenther","Syn Schmitt","Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Kasper B.",	"last" : "Christensen"},
            	{"first" : "Michael",	"last" : "Guenther"},
            	{"first" : "Syn",	"last" : "Schmitt"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "11","number": "1","pages": "23638","abstract": "Legged locomotion has evolved as the most common form of terrestrial locomotion. When the leg makes contact with a solid surface, muscles absorb some of the shock-wave accelerations (impacts) that propagate through the body. We built a custom-made frame to which we fixated a rat (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar) muscle (m. gastrocnemius medialis and lateralis: GAS) for emulating an impact. We found that the fibre material of the muscle dissipates between 3.5 and 23 mycro ranging from fresh, fully active to passive muscle material, respectively. Accordingly, the corresponding dissipated energy in a half-sarcomere ranges between 10.4 and 68zJ, respectively. At maximum activity, a single cross-bridge would, thus, dissipate 0.6\\% of the mechanical work available per ATP split per impact, and up to 16\\% energy in common, submaximal, activities. We also found the cross-bridge stiffness as low as 2.2 pNnm, which can be explained by the Coulomb-actuating cross-bridge part dominating the sarcomere stiffness. Results of the study provide a deeper understanding of contractile dynamics during early ground contact in bouncy gait.",
         "issn" : "2045-2322",
         
         "doi" : "10.1038/s41598-021-02819-6",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Christensen2021"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/29ff2e24ec540e3481f30e9b81aef76e7/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "bewegungswissenschaft","siebert","inspo","sport"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "9ff2e24ec540e3481f30e9b81aef76e7",
         "interHash" : "545f781d501d982a60583066b8811c03",
         "label" : "Three-dimensional mechano-electrochemical model for smooth muscle contraction of the urinary bladder",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2017", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jmbbm.2017.03.034", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Robert Seydewitz","Robin Menzel","Tobias Siebert","Markus Böl"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Robert",	"last" : "Seydewitz"},
            	{"first" : "Robin",	"last" : "Menzel"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"},
            	{"first" : "Markus",	"last" : "Böl"}
         ],
         "volume": "75","pages": "128--146",
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.03.034",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Seydewitz_2017"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/286d35e263b284d088ad36a772e8c40b6/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "organ","experiments","Whole","modelling","characteristics","Urinary","bladder","Active","Ex","Inspo","Siebert","vivo"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "86d35e263b284d088ad36a772e8c40b6",
         "interHash" : "032878f78a28d5cf534daf6847ed894d",
         "label" : "A pilot study on active and passive ex vivo characterisation of the urinary bladder and its impact on three-dimensional modelling",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2022", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jmbbm.2022.105347", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Robin Trostorf","Enrique Morales Orcajo","Amelie Pötzke","Tobias Siebert","Markus Böl"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Robin",	"last" : "Trostorf"},
            	{"first" : "Enrique Morales",	"last" : "Orcajo"},
            	{"first" : "Amelie",	"last" : "Pötzke"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"},
            	{"first" : "Markus",	"last" : "Böl"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "133","pages": "105347","abstract": "Insight into the global deformation of the urinary bladder during passive and active phases is crucial for understanding the biomechanics and function of the organ. Therefore, in the present study, the three-dimensional deformations of the porcine urinary bladder were investigated using 10 cameras in ex vivo experiments. Voltages between 20 V and 40 V were applied to induce contraction without outflow (isovolumetric) and against different back pressures (isobaric). The fluid volume in the bladder and the fluid volume pushed out of the bladder in the active state were measured. During filling, a roughly constant pressure of 2.5\u20134 cmH2O was measured for a large volume range, followed by a steep increase. Overall, the urinary bladder shape changes from elliptical to spherical in the active phase, resulting in a more homogeneous stress field. The active pressure decreases with increasing volume, while the actively generated stress increases up to 65 kPa at the maximum volume examined. Smaller filling volumes and lower back pressures allowed complete emptying, whereas higher back pressures prevent full emptying from larger filling states. Finally, a recently developed three-dimensional model was used to describe the active and passive bladder characteristics in order to qualitatively represent the mechanical properties. Overall, this study provides for the first time a comprehensive experimental data set at organ level that leads to an improved understanding of load transfer mechanisms within the urinary bladder and serves to validate corresponding models.",
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105347",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Trostorf_2022"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/20e9dbe076502380e2b8e70a80da95818/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "Semi-confined","Soleus","tissue","characteristics","cuniculus","Microstructural","Axial","tests","Age-dependent","Inspo","muscle","Oryctolagus","Morphometry","Siebert","compression","properties"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "0e9dbe076502380e2b8e70a80da95818",
         "interHash" : "6afbb85807dbc73f3599b68ac7ec0018",
         "label" : "Age-dependent mechanical and microstructural properties of the rabbit soleus muscle",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Acta Biomaterialia","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2021", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2021.07.066", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Kay Leichsenring","Asha Viswanathan","Steven Kutschke","Markus Siebert, TobiasBöl"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Kay",	"last" : "Leichsenring"},
            	{"first" : "Asha",	"last" : "Viswanathan"},
            	{"first" : "Steven",	"last" : "Kutschke"},
            	{"first" : "Markus",	"last" : "Siebert, TobiasBöl"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "134","pages": "453--465","abstract": "During growth there are serious changes in the skeletal muscles to compensate for the changed requirements in terms of body weight and size. In this study, the age-dependent (between 21 and 100 days) mechanical and microstructural properties of rabbit soleus muscle tissue were investigated. For this purpose, morphological properties (animal mass, soleus muscle mass, tibial length) were measured at 5 different times during aging. On the other hand, fibre orientation-dependent axial and semi-confined compression experiments were realised. In addition, the essential components (muscle fibres, extracellular matrix, remaining components), dominating the microstructure of muscle tissue, were analysed. While the mechanical results show hardly any age-dependent differences, the morphological and microstructural results show clear age-dependent differences. All morphological parameters increase significantly (animal mass by 839.2%, muscle mass 1050.6%, tibial length 233.6%). In contrast, microstructural parameters change differently. The percentage of fibres (divided into slow-twitch (ST) and fast-twitch (FT) fibres) increases significantly (137.6%), while the proportions of the extracellular matrix and the remaining components (48.2% and 46.1%) decrease. At the same time, the cross-sectional area of the fibres increases significantly (697.9%). The totality of this age-dependent information provides a deeper understanding of age-related changes in muscle structure and function and may contribute to successful development and validation of growth models in the future.\n\nStatement of significance\nThis article reports the first comprehensive data set on age-dependent morphological (animal mass, soleus muscle mass, tibial length), mechanical (axial and semi-confined compression), and microstructural (muscle fibres, extracellular matrix, remaining components) properties of the rabbit soleus muscle. On the one hand, the results of this study contribute to the understanding of muscle mechanics and thus to understanding of load transfer mechanisms inside the muscle tissue during growth. On the other hand, these results are relevant to the fields of constitutive formulation of age-dependent muscle tissue.",
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.066",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Leichsenring_2021"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2bef4a77dde12ed17cb05f427d224e9cc/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "bewegungswissenschaft","stutzig","siebert","inspo","sport"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "bef4a77dde12ed17cb05f427d224e9cc",
         "interHash" : "3694322fd444f2ccda64ed751682d56b",
         "label" : "Tissue-scale anisotropy and compressibility of tendon in semi-confined compression tests",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Journal of Biomechanics","publisher":"Elsevier BV",
         "year": "2015", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jbiomech.2015.01.024", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Markus Böl","Alexander E. Ehret","Kay Leichsenring","Michael Ernst"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Markus",	"last" : "Böl"},
            	{"first" : "Alexander E.",	"last" : "Ehret"},
            	{"first" : "Kay",	"last" : "Leichsenring"},
            	{"first" : "Michael",	"last" : "Ernst"}
         ],
         "volume": "48","number": "6","pages": "1092--1098",
         "doi" : "10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.01.024",
         
         "bibtexKey": "B_l_2015"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/2ee5c98f5f05d5b5fcb7b5e7b53e5b701/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "Bewegungswissenschaft","Sport","INSPO","Stutzig","Siebert"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "ee5c98f5f05d5b5fcb7b5e7b53e5b701",
         "interHash" : "3756c3791a0fe1687df8f629388f7e52",
         "label" : "Analysis of game variables to predict scoring and performance levels in elite men's volleyball",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport","publisher":"Informa UK Limited",
         "year": "2015", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080%2F24748668.2015.11868833", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Norman Stutzig","Bernd Zimmermann","Dirk Büsch","Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Norman",	"last" : "Stutzig"},
            	{"first" : "Bernd",	"last" : "Zimmermann"},
            	{"first" : "Dirk",	"last" : "Büsch"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "15","number": "3","pages": "816--829",
         "doi" : "10.1080/24748668.2015.11868833",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Stutzig_2015"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/25888679031ea2e5cac8d8d74ac63dc1d/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "drop","reactive","jumping","Inspo","strength","exercise","Plyometric","Siebert","jump"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "5888679031ea2e5cac8d8d74ac63dc1d",
         "interHash" : "93012b431d90bd1ca87f94f1f3848ee3",
         "label" : "Effect of plyometric training on dynamic leg strength and jumping performance in rhythmic gymnastics: A preliminary study",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 2,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Isokinetics and Exercise Science","publisher":"IOS Press",
         "year": "2022", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.3233%2Fies-210148", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Nico Nitzsche","Tobias Siebert","Henry Schulz","Norman Stutzig"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Nico",	"last" : "Nitzsche"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"},
            	{"first" : "Henry",	"last" : "Schulz"},
            	{"first" : "Norman",	"last" : "Stutzig"}
         ],
         "volume": "30","number": "1","pages": "79-87","abstract": "BACKGROUND: Reactive performance is an important component of rhythmic gymnastics. So far, it is unclear whether additional plyometric training in female gymnasts shows an increase in performance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of additional plyometric training in rhythmic gymnastics on the reactive jumping performance and strength of the lower leg muscles. METHODS: Fifteen rhythmic gymnasts (age: 12.3 ± 2.6 years, height: 1.47 ± 0.12 m, body weight: 37.3 ± 9.3 kg, BMI: 16.7 ± 2.1 kg*m-2; competition level: national and international championships, Tanner stages I\u2013III) participated in the study. The athletes were assigned to an experimental (EG) and a control group (CG). The EG performed plyometric exercises three times per week in addition to the regular training. Before and after six weeks of training the reactive jump performance, the work of dorsi flexors and plantar flexors performed during isokinetic plantarflexion, as well as the performance in two sport-specific tests were measured. RESULTS: In contrast to the CG, in the EG the jump height (pre: 24.8; post: 27.25 cm; p< 0.05) and the reactive-strength-index (pre: 1.01; post: 1.19; p< 0.01) increased significantly. The EG achieved significant improvements in the counter movement jump test (pre: 27.0 cm; post: 31.5 cm; p< 0.01) and in the sport specific double rope jump test (jumps per minute, pre: 18.0; post: 23.0; p< 0.01). Furthermore, a significant increase in work performed during plantarflexion was found in the EG for the right leg (pre: 24.9 J; post: 29.7 J; p< 0.01) and a tendency to increase for the left leg (pre: 26.4 J; post: 37.7 J; p= 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both reactive strength and dynamic force can be efficiently increased by plyometric training. It may be recommended to include plyometric exercises in the training regime of rhythmic gymnasts.",
         "doi" : "10.3233/ies-210148",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Nitzsche_2022"

      }
,
      {
         "type" : "Publication",
         "id"   : "https://puma.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/bibtex/23d83071c7cda47dc4505597be2791325/inspo5",         
         "tags" : [
            "morphology","Papenkort","length","Fascicle","Inspo","Pennation","Aponeurosis","angle","Muscle","model","Siebert","architecture"
         ],
         
         "intraHash" : "3d83071c7cda47dc4505597be2791325",
         "interHash" : "ec21172a48abe9631c89ebcb05ad0767",
         "label" : "Architectural model for muscle growth during maturation",
         "user" : "inspo5",
         "description" : "",
         "date" : "2022-07-19 11:10:29",
         "changeDate" : "2022-07-19 09:10:56",
         "count" : 1,
         "pub-type": "article",
         "journal": "Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology",
         "year": "2021", 
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-021-01492-y", 
         
         "author": [ 
            "Stefan Papenkort","Markus Boel","Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "authors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Stefan",	"last" : "Papenkort"},
            	{"first" : "Markus",	"last" : "Boel"},
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         
         "editor": [ 
            "Tobias Siebert"
         ],
         "editors": [
         	
            	{"first" : "Tobias",	"last" : "Siebert"}
         ],
         "volume": "20","number": "5","pages": "2031--2044","abstract": "Muscle architecture, which includes parameters like fascicle length, pennation angle, and physiological cross-sectional area, strongly influences skeletal muscles' mechanical properties. During maturation, the muscle architecture has to adapt to a growing organism. This study aimed to develop an architectural model capable of predicting the complete 3D fascicle architecture for primarily unipennate muscles of an arbitrary age, based on fascicle data for an initial age. For model development, we collected novel data on 3D muscle architecture of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) M. plantaris of eight animals ranging in age from 29 to 106 days. Experimental results show that plantaris muscle belly length increases by 73\\%, whereas mean fascicle length and mean pennation angle increases by 39 and 14\\%, respectively. Those changes were incorporated into the model. In addition to the data collected for M. plantaris the predictions of the model were compared to existing literature data of rabbit M. soleus and M. gastrocnemius medialis. With an error of −1.0þinspace±þinspace8.6\\% for relative differences in aponeurosis length, aponeurosis width, muscle height, and muscle mass, the model delivered good results matching interindividual differences. For future studies, the model could be utilized to generate realistic architectural data sets for simulation studies.",
         "issn" : "1617-7940",
         
         "doi" : "10.1007/s10237-021-01492-y",
         
         "bibtexKey": "Papenkort2021"

      }
	  
   ]
}
